食品中同一目标微生物不同检测方法之间的比对研究进展

Advances in comparison studies of different detection methods based on the same targeted microorganism

中文关键词:  食品  目标微生物  检测方法  比较研究  等效性

英文关键词:food  target microorganism  detection methods  comparison study  equivalence

中文摘要:

      随着世界各国食品贸易往来加剧, 不同国家或区域对同类食品中同一目标微生物存在不同的标准检测方法。各国标准方法正式版本发布前要进行方法比对研究, 新版标准方法的各项性能参数要优于旧版标准方法才对外公布并作为官方认可的标准检测方法。针对食品中同一目标微生物, 基于分子生物学及免疫学等原理新研发出的检测方法能大大提高检测效率, 但必须要与传统的标准检测方法(基于培养法)进行科学系统的比较性验证研究, 只有取得等效性评价结果后才能作为一种有效的替代检测方法; 另外, 不同国家针对同类食品中的同一目标微生物的检测方法由于检测流程不同也同样需要进行等效性评价, 两种检测方法的等效性评价结果能够为食品在全球不同国家之间的进出口贸易的高效放行提供科学有效的数据支撑。本文阐述了基于食品中同一目标微生物不同检测方法比较研究的进展, 分析讨论并总结了不同检测方法之间进行比较研究的流程和要求, 介绍了ISO 16140和国际标准方法委员会(Association of Official Analytical Chemists, AOAC)指南的原则以及其在方法比对研究中的应用情况、需考虑的因素等。此外, 本文也讨论了方法比对研究领域所面临的一些挑战以及未来的研究方向。该文为今后研究开发与采纳新的食品微生物检测方法提供了系统科学和全面的方法比较和确认的说明, 具有十分重要的参考价值。

英文摘要:

      With the intensification of food trade around the world, different countries or regions have different standard detection methods for the same target microorganism in the same kind of food. Methods comparison research shall be conducted before the official version release of national standard methods. The performance parameters of the new standard methods shall be better than those of the old standard methods before they are published and used as an officially recognized standard test method. For the same target microorganism in food, the newly developed detection method based on the principles of molecular biology and immunology can greatly improve the detection efficiency, but it must be scientifically and systematically compared with the traditional standard detection method (based on culture method). It can be used as an effective alternative detection method only after the equivalence evaluation results are obtained; In addition, due to different detection processes, the detection methods of the same target microorganism in similar foods in different countries also need equivalence evaluation. The equivalence evaluation results of the two detection methods can provide scientific and effective data support for the efficient release of food import and export trade between different countries in the world. This paper expounded the progress of comparative research on different detection methods based on the same target microorganism in food, analyzed, discussed and summarized the process and requirements of comparative research between different detection methods, and introduced the principles of ISO 16140 and the guidelines of the Association of Official Analytical Chemicals (AOAC) and their application in method comparison research factors to be considered, etc. In addition, this paper also discussed some challenges in the field of method comparison and future research directions. This paper provided a systematic, scientific and comprehensive description of method comparison and confirmation for the future research, development and adoption of new food microbial detection methods, which had a very important reference value.