2020年石家庄市89份乳品安全指标检测结果分析

Analysis of test results of safety index of 89 dairy in Shijiazhuang city in 2020

中文关键词:  乳品  有害污染物  食品安全

英文关键词:diary  harmful contamination  food safety

中文摘要:

      目的 了解2020年石家庄市市售乳品安全情况。方法 2020年采集石家庄市12个县区4类乳品共89份样品, 按照GB 4789.41—2016《食品安全国家标准 食品微生物学检验 肠杆菌科检验》、NY/T 1331—2007《乳与乳制品中嗜冷菌、需氧芽孢及嗜热需氧芽孢数的测定》分别对乳粉中肠杆菌科细菌以及生牛乳、巴氏杀菌乳和超高温灭菌乳中需氧芽孢和嗜热需氧芽孢进行检测; 参考国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册对生牛乳和巴氏杀菌乳中碱性磷酸酶进行检测; 采用气相色谱-串联质谱法对乳粉中氯丙醇酯和缩水甘油酯进行检测。并根据现有国家限量标准对检测结果进行分析。结果 89份乳品样品中有9份样品出现单指标或多指标阳性。乳粉、超高温杀菌乳、生牛乳和巴氏杀菌乳的合格率分别为100%、100%、16.67%和55.56%, 其中生牛乳的检测指标阳性率由高到低分别为: 碱性磷酸酶(100%)>需氧芽孢(83.33%)>嗜热需氧芽孢(16.67%); 巴氏杀菌乳的检测指标阳性率由高到低分别为: 需氧芽孢(44.44%)>嗜热需氧芽孢(11.11%)。结论 石家庄市市售乳品中生牛乳和巴氏杀菌乳的污染问题较为突出, 应当加大乳品原料的生产、加工、运输与贮存等环节监管力度, 防控乳品污染风险, 以确保乳品质量安全。

英文摘要:

      Objective To understand the safety status of dairy products sold in Shijiazhuang. Methods Eighty-nine samples consisting of 4 kinds of dairy products were collected from 12 counties of Shijiazhuang in 2020. Enterobacteriaceae bacteria in milk powder, aerobic spores and thermophilic aerobic spores in raw milk, pasteurized milk and ultra-high temperature sterilized milk were tested according to GB 4789.41—2016 National Standard for Food safety-Food microbiology test-Enterobacteriaceae test and NY/T 1331—2007 Determination of number of thermophilic and thermophilic aerobic spores in milk and dairy products; alkaline phosphatase in raw milk and pasteurized milk was tested according to national food contaminants and hazardous factors risk monitoring work manual; chloropropanol esters and glycidyl esters in milk powder were tested by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The tested results were analyzed based on current national limitation standards. Results Nine of the 89 dairy samples were positive for single or multiple indicators. The qualified rates of milk powder, ultra-high temperature sterilized milk, raw milk and pasteurized milk were 100%, 100%, 16.67% and 55.56%, respectively. The positive rates of the detection indicators of raw milk from high to low were: Alkaline phosphatase (100%)>aerobic spore (83.33%)>thermophilic aerobic spore (16.67%); the positive rates of the detection indicators of pasteurized milk from high to low were: Aerobic spores (44.44%)>thermophilic aerobic spores (11.11%). Conclusion Both raw milk and pasteurized milk remain serious contamination, and the supervision of production, processing, transportation and storage of dairy raw materials should be strengthened to prevent and control the risk of dairy contamination, so as to ensure the quality and safety of dairy products.