过氧化物酶及其模拟物在食品分析中的应用研究进展

Research progress on the application of peroxidase and its mimetic enzyme in food analysis

中文关键词:  过氧化物酶  模拟酶  食品分析

英文关键词:peroxidase  mimetic enzyme  food analysis

中文摘要:

      过氧化物酶是一类在自然界中广泛存在的天然生物酶, 可催化过氧化氢参与的各种氧化还原反应, 因此经常被用来检测食品中过氧化氢、葡萄糖、血浆中胆固醇等, 还可用于检测谷胱甘肽、半胱氨酸等大分子物质, 广泛应用于食品检测和加工领域。但由于天然过氧化物酶存在稳定性差、易受外界环境影响、在酸碱环境下易失活等缺点, 而模拟酶因其稳定性强、耐酸、耐碱等优势而成为天然酶的高效替代品, 可代替天然过氧化物酶高效率的完成许多催化反应。目前, 使用模拟酶代替天然过氧化物酶已成为研究热点, 已广泛应用于食品中有害残留物质的检测, 为保障食品安全、维护人体健康, 模拟酶的研究已成为一种趋势。本研究综述了常见的过氧化物模拟酶催化机理, 以及其在食品分析中的应用研究进展, 并对其应用前景和发展方向进行展望, 以期为今后模拟酶的合成提供新思路, 为保障食品安全提供新方法。

英文摘要:

      Peroxidase is a kind of natural enzyme widely exists in the nature that can catalyze various oxidation reactions involving hydrogen peroxide, so it is often used to detect hydrogen peroxide, glucose in food, and cholesterol in plasma, etc. It can also be used for the detection of glutathione, cysteine and other macromolecular substances, it is widely used in food detection and processing. However, due to the disadvantages of natural peroxidases, such as poor stability, susceptibility to external environmental influences, easy inactivation in acid-base environments, and mimic enzymes have become an efficient substitute for natural enzymes due to their strong stability, acid resistance, and alkali resistance, it can replace natural peroxidase to complete many catalytic reactions with high efficiency. At present, the use of mimetic enzymes instead of natural peroxidase has become a research hotspot, and it has been widely used in the detection of harmful residues in food, to ensure food safety and maintain human health, the research of simulated enzymes has become a trend. This paper reviewed the common catalytic mechanism of peroxidase mimics, and their application in food analysis, and prospected their application and development directions, so as to provide new ideas for the synthesis of mimetic enzymes in the future, and provide new methods for food safety.