基于矿物元素分析对进口泰国、越南、柬埔寨香米产地的鉴定

Identification of the origin of imported fragrant rice from Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia based on the analysis of mineral elements

中文关键词:  香米  电感耦合等离子体质谱法  矿物元素  主成分分析  Fisher判别

英文关键词:fragrant rice  inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry  mineral element  principal component analysis  Fisher discrimination

中文摘要:

      目的 探讨泰国、越南、柬埔寨3国香米矿物元素含量差异, 并对产地进行鉴别。方法 通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS)测定泰国、越南、柬埔寨3国75份香米中Cr、Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Cd、Hg和Pb 9种矿物元素含量, 对测定结果进行差异性分析、相关性分析、主成分分析和Fisher判别。结果 所有样本均未检出Pb, 其中Ni、Cu、Zn、As、Se、Cd 6种元素在不同国家之间有显著性差异(P<0.05), 并且Cu在3个国家之间均存在极显著差异(P<0.01), 6种元素相互之间存在一定的相关性。主成分分析中选取了前2个主成分, 累计方差贡献率为71.334%。确定Cu、Ni和Se元素是造成不同产地香米矿质元素差异的特征因素。通过Fisher判别建立溯源模型, 对越南训练集和验证集判别准确率为100%, 而对柬埔寨和泰国的训练集判别准确率达到70%以上, 验证集的判别准确率达到80%以上。结论 通过Fisher判别法可较为有效地鉴别泰国、越南、柬埔寨3个国家的香米。

英文摘要:

      Objective To research the differences of fragrant rice mineral element content from Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia and to identify the origin of fragrant rice. Methods Nine kinds of elements of Cr, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Cd, Hg and Pb of 75 samples of aromatic rice from Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The results were analyzed by difference analysis, correlation analysis, principal component analysis and fisher discrimination. Results Pb was undetected in all samples. Six kinds of elements of Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se and Cd had significant differences among different countries (P<0.05), and Cu had extremely significant differences among 3 countries (P<0.01). There was a certain correlation between 6 kinds of elements. The first 2 principal components were selected in the principal component analysis, the cumulative variance contribution rate was 71.334%. It was determined that Cu, Ni and Se were the characteristic factors that caused the difference of mineral elements in fragrant rice from different producing areas. Through Fisher discrimination to establish a traceability model, the analysis results showed that the accuracy of discrimination for Vietnam training and verification set was 100%, and the discrimination accuracy for fragrant rice in Thailand and Cambodia training set was above 70%, and verification set was 80%. Conclusion The fisher discrimination can be used to effectively identify fragrant rice from Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia.