我国高油酸花生研究进展

Research progress of high oleic acid peanuts in China

中文关键词:  花生  高油酸  遗传育种  营养保健

英文关键词:peanut  high oleic acid  genetic breeding  nutrition and health care

中文摘要:

      花生是我国重要的油料作物和经济作物, 高油酸花生抗氧化性强, 产品货架期更长, 营养价值高, 对人体健康有利, 目前已成为花生生产和消费的重要发展方向。本文综述了我国高油酸花生的品种选育和遗传育种研究、种植研究、营养价值利用与产品开发研究等方面的进展, 认为高油酸花生的品种选育和遗传育种研究的主要任务是培(选)育综合性状优良、高产的高油酸花生新品种, 选育半直立(蔓生)高油酸花生品种, 协调配合适宜密度是实现高油酸花生产量突破的一种参考方法; 高油酸花生育种有杂交、回交、突变和基因工程育种等途径; 高油酸花生的栽培技术研究旨在提高产量的同时, 保持高油酸含量的优异特性, 因此, 在选用丰产性好的高油酸花生品种的基础上, 应特别注意播期、播种温度及种植模式。相比普通油酸花生, 高油酸花生优势明显, 更为消费者所喜爱, 因此应加强高油酸花生油及其他高油酸产品的开发应用, 另外, 高油酸花生具有多种营养保健功能, 应加强其对人体的保健功能机理的深入研究。

英文摘要:

      Peanuts are important oil crops and economic crops in China. High oleic peanuts have strong antioxidant properties, longer product shelf life, high nutritional value, and are beneficial to human health. At present, they have become an important development direction for peanut production and consumption. This paper reviewed the progress of high oleic acid peanut variety selection and genetic breeding research, planting research, nutritional value utilization and product development research in China, and indicated the main tasks of high oleic acid peanut variety selection and genetic breeding research is to breed (select) new high oleic peanut varieties with excellent comprehensive traits and high yield, and to breed semi-upright (spreading) high oleic peanut varieties, coordinate with appropriate density, and is a reference method to achieve breakthroughs in the production of high oleic peanuts; the breeding methods of high oleic acid peanut included hybridization, backcrossing, mutation and genetic engineering breeding; the cultivation technology of high oleic acid peanuts aimed to increase the yield while maintaining the excellent characteristics of high oleic acid content. Therefore, the selection of high yield is good on the basis of the high oleic peanut varieties, special attention should be paid to the sowing date, sowing temperature and planting mode. Compared with ordinary oleic peanuts, high oleic peanuts had obvious advantages and were more popular with consumers. Therefore, the development and application of high oleic peanut oil and other high oleic products should be strengthened. In addition, high oleic peanuts had a variety of nutritional and health functions, its in-depth research on the health function mechanism of the human body should be strengthened.