党参中7种重金属及有害元素的污染评价

Pollution assessment of 7 kinds of heavy metals and harmful elements in Codonopsis pilosula

中文关键词:  党参  重金属及有害元素  电感耦合等离子体质谱法  单项指数法  内梅罗综合指数法

英文关键词:Codonopsis pilosula  heavy metals and harmful elements  inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry  single factor index method  Nemero exponent method

中文摘要:

      目的 测定党参中重金属及有害元素的残留量, 并进行污染评价。方法 采用微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS)测定样品中铅(Pb)、镉(Cd)、汞(Hg)、砷(As)、铜(Cu)、锌(Zn)、铬(Cr)的含量, 采用单项指数法和内梅罗综合指数法评价其污染水平。结果 党参中7种重金属及有害元素的线性关系良好(r＞0.9991), 回收率为83.2%~108.8%, 相对标准偏差(relative standard deviation, RSD)为2.2%~4.9%。参考WM/T 2—2004《药用植物及制剂进出口绿色行业标准》等相关限量的标准, 在党参中Cr、Zn、Cd是主要污染物, 7种重金属及有害元素的平均单项污染指数顺序为Cr＞Zn＞Cd＞Hg＞Cu＞As＞Pb, 内梅罗综合污染等级为重度污染。结论 该方法快速准确、灵敏度高、重复性好, 可用于党参重金属及有害元素含量测定; 党参中Cr、Zn、Cd的污染较严重; 该实验可为党参重金属及有害元素限量标准的制订提供数据支撑。

英文摘要:

      Objective To determine the residual amount of heavy metals and harmful elements in Codonopsis pilosula, and conduct pollution assessment. Methods Microwave digestion combined with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used for the content determination of Pb, Cd, Hg, As, Cu, Zn and Cr. The single factor index and Nemerow exponent method were used to evaluate the pollution level. Results The linear relationships of 7 kinds of heavy metals and harmful elements in Codonopsis pilosula were good (r>0.9991). The recoveries were 83.2%-108.8%, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were 2.2%-4.9%. Refer to the WM/T 2—2004 Green industry standard for the import and export of medicinal plants and preparations and other relevant limits standards, Cr, Zn, and Cd were the main pollutants in Codonopsis pilosula. The average single item pollution index of 7 kinds of heavy metals and harmful elements was Cr>Zn>Cd>Hg>Cu>As>Pb, and the average Nemero comprehensive pollution grade was heavy pollution. Conclusion This method is rapid, accurate, sensitive and reproducible, and can be used for the determination of heavy metals and harmful elements in Codonopsis pilosula. The pollution of Cr, Zn and Cd in Codonopsis pilosula is more serious. This experiment can provide data support for the establishment of limit standard of heavy metals and harmful elements in Codonopsis pilosula.