人参不定根生产、生物活性成分及应用现状

Production, bioactive components and application status of adventitious root of Panax ginseng

中文关键词:  人参不定根  组织培养  人参皂苷  血糖调节  神经保护

英文关键词:ginseng adventitious root  tissue culture  ginsenosides  blood glucose regulation  neuro protection  

中文摘要:

      人参是一种著名药用植物, 在世界范围内被广泛应用。为了解决人参资源的短缺问题, 人参组织培养物即人参不定根生产培养技术被逐渐应用于人参及其生物活性成分的生产。与天然人参相比, 人参不定根培养在生长速度和生物活性成分积累能力方面表现更优。人参不定根中的生物活性成分包括人参皂苷、人参多糖、肽类和脂肪酸等, 其中人参皂苷是人参不定根药用价值的主要来源。人参不定根有免疫调节、改善记忆、肝保护和降血糖作用, 有较好的药用和健康保健作用, 人参不定根大规模培养在一定程度上能够促进我国健康产业的发展。本文综述了影响人参不定根生产的多种因素、几种较为重要的人参皂苷的生物学功能以及人参不定根的临床应用, 以期为人参不定根的生产优化以及进一步的临床应用提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Ginseng is a famous medicinal plant, which is widely used all over the world. In order to solve the shortage of ginseng resources, ginseng adventitious root culture technology has been widely used in the production of ginseng and its bioactive components. Compared with natural ginseng, ginseng adventitious root culture shows better growth rate and biomass accumulation ability. The bioactive components of ginseng adventitious root include ginsenosides, ginseng polysaccharides, peptides and fatty acids, among which ginsenosides are the main source of medicinal value. The adventitious root of ginseng has good function of medicinal and health care, including immune regulation, memory improvement, liver protection and hypoglycemic effect. Large-scale culture of ginseng adventitious roots can promote the development of health industry in China to a certain extent. This article reviewed factors affecting the production of ginseng adventitious roots, the biological functions of several important ginsenosides, and the clinical application of ginseng adventitious roots, in order to provide references for the production optimization and further clinical applications of ginseng adventitious roots.