甘肃省3个非暴露地区居民母乳中二噁英负荷水平与影响因素分析

Analysis of dioxin loading levels and influencing factors in breast milk of residents in 3 non-exposed areas of Gansu province

中文关键词:  母乳  二噁英类化合物  负荷水平  影响因素

英文关键词:breast milk  dioxins  load level  influencing factors

中文摘要:

      目的 调查甘肃省3个非暴露地区母乳中二噁英类化合物污染水平, 分析影响当地人群二噁英类化合物污染的相关因素。方法 在甘肃省城区、近郊区和远郊区3个采样点采集共150份顺产初产妇产后第3~8周的母乳样品, 以高分辨气相色谱-高分辨质谱分析仪分析样品中多氯代苯并二噁英和多氯代苯并呋喃(polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans, PCDD/Fs)和二噁英样多氯联苯(dioxin like polychlorinated biphenyls, dl-PCBs)含量, 计算总毒性当量浓度(toxic equivalent quantity, TEQ)。结果 PCDD/Fs和dl-PCBs在甘肃省母乳样品中普遍存在, dl-PCBs含量远高于PCDD/Fs, 但按TEQ计时, PCDD/Fs贡献高于dl-PCBs; 甘肃省PCDD/Fs组分含量最高的八氯代二苯并二嗯英(1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin, OCDD), 含量在102.08~195.18 pg/g脂肪之间, 来源可能与垃圾焚烧导致污染有关; 母乳中PCBs污染分布呈现出省城区(2436.88 pg/g)>近郊区(1118.16 pg/g)>远郊区(989.87 pg/g)的特征, 可能与居民肉蛋奶等动物性食品摄入频次较高有关。结论 甘肃省非暴露区母乳中二噁英类化合物含量均低于全国水平, 总体上城市高于农村, 但个别同系物数值农村点与城市点接近甚至高于城市点, 这提示甘肃省不同非暴露地区人体暴露情况有其独特性和复杂性。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the pollution level of dioxin-like compounds in breast milk in 3 non-exposed areas of Gansu province, and analyze the related factors affecting dioxin-like compounds pollution in local population. Methods A total of 150 breast milk samples collected from 3–8 weeks after delivery of primiparous parturients in urban, suburban and exurb areas of Gansu province were analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs) content by high-resolution gas chromatography-high-resolution mass spectrometry, and the toxic equivalent quantity (TEQ) was calculated. Results PCDD/Fs and dl-PCBs were prevalent in breast milk samples of Gansu province, and the content of dl-PCBs was much higher than that of PCDD/Fs. However, according to TEQ, the contribution of PCDD/Fs was higher than that of dl-PCBs. The highest PCDD/Fs component content of 1,2,3,4,6,7,8,9-octachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (OCDD) in Gansu province was 102.08?195.18 pg/g fat, which may be related to the pollution caused by garbage incineration. The distribution of PCBs pollution in breast milk showed the characteristics of urban area (2436.88 pg/g) > suburb area (1118.16 pg/g) > exurb area (989.87 pg/g), which might be related to the higher intake frequency of animal foods such as meat, eggs and milk by residents. Conclusion The content of dioxin-like compounds in breast milk in non-exposed areas of Gansu province is lower than the national level, generally higher in cities than in rural areas, but the number of individual homologues in rural areas are close to or even higher than that in urban areas, which indicates that the human exposure in different non-exposed areas of Gansu province has its uniqueness and complexity.