2019年云南市售大米真菌毒素污染水平及风险评估

Contamination level and risk assessment of mycotoxin in rice sold in Yunnan province in 2019

中文关键词:  云南  大米  真菌毒素  高效液相色谱-串联质谱法  风险评估

英文关键词:Yunnan  rice  mycotoxin  high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 检测云南省市售大米中16种真菌毒素污染水平, 评估其食用安全风险。方法 采用高效液相色谱-串联质谱法(high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, HPLC-MS/MS)对大米中的真菌毒素进行检测分析, 并对检测结果进行食用安全性评估。结果 云南省市售大米中16种真菌毒素检出率为73.3%, 含量范围为未检出(not detected, ND)~2891 μg/kg, 其中黄曲霉毒素B1超过国家限量标准, 超标率为10.0%; 本次调查HT-2毒素暴露量为0.0836 μg/kg·d, 超过食品添加剂联合专家委员会(Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives, JECFA)规定的暂定每日最大耐受摄入量(provisional maximum tolerable daily intake, PMTDI) 0.06 μg/kg·d。雪腐镰刀烯醇是JECFA规定PMDTI的10种真菌毒素中贡献率最高的真菌毒素, 达48.03%。结论 云南省市售大米中真菌毒素的污染水平较低, 由其引起的健康风险较低, 但仍存在一定健康风险。

英文摘要:

      Objective To detect the contamination level of 16 mycotoxins in the rice sold in Yunnan province and assess their food safety risks. Methods The mycotoxins in rice were detected by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS), and the edible safety of the detection results was evaluated. Results The detection rate of 16 mycotoxins in Yunnan sold rice was 73.3%, and the content range was not detected (ND)-2891 μg/kg. Aflatoxin B1 exceeded the national limit standard, and the exceeding rate was 10.0%. The exposure of HT-2 toxin was 0.0836 μg/kg·d, exceeding the provisional maximum tolerable daily intake (PMTDI) 0.06 μg/kg·d specified by the Joint FAO/WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives (JECFA). Nivalenol was the mycotoxin with the highest contribution rate among the 10 mycotoxins of PMDTI specified by JECFA, reaching 48.03%. Conclusion The pollution level of mycotoxins in the rice sold in Yunnan province is low, and the health risks caused by them are low, but there are still certain health risks.