美国食品药品监督管理局农药残留监控计划分析及借鉴

Analysis and reference of Food and Drug Adminstration's pesticide residue monitoring plan

中文关键词:  美国食品药品监督管理局  农药残留  监控计划  监控结果  处置

英文关键词:Food and Drug Adminstration  pesticide residue  monitoring plan  monitoring results  disposal

中文摘要:

      食品安全风险监测是风险管理的重要内容, 是监管部门及时掌握食品安全风险变化趋势的重要依据。美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Adminstration, FDA)的农药残留监测计划自1987年实施以来, 经过多年的发展, 已经形成一整套较为科学完备的工作体系, 其目的是监控国内和进口食品中农药残留水平, 以确保其符合农药残留限量的水平。本文以2018年美国食品药品监督管理局农药残留监控计划为例, 从计划制定、检测方法、信息共享、统计分析等角度与我国抽检监测工作进行了对比分析, 并从风险交流、基于风险的抽检和统计分析等方面总结美国FDA农药残留监控计划的经验和做法, 为进一步完善我国食品安全抽检监测工作提出建议。

英文摘要:

      As an important content of risk management, food safety risk monitoring is the basis for grasping the change trend of food safety risk. Since the implementation of the pesticide residue monitoring program by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in 1987, a scientific and complete system has been formed after years of development. Its purpose is to monitor the pesticide residue level in domestic and imported food, to ensure it meets pesticide residue limit levels. Taking the 2018 Food and Drug Adminstration pesticide residue monitoring plan of the United States as an example, this paper compared and analyzed the sampling monitoring work in China from the perspectives of planning, testing methods, information sharing and statistical analysis, and summarized the experience and practices of the United States FDA's pesticide residue monitoring program in terms of risk communication, risk-based sampling and statistical analysis, so as to put forward suggestions for the further improvement of sampling inspection and monitoring of food safety in China.