乐清湾北部及嵊泗区域养殖贝类肌肉中镉含量调查及健康风险评估

Investigation and health risk assessment of cadmium in muscle from cultured shellfish in northern Yueqing Bay and Shengsi

中文关键词:  贝类肌肉  镉  调查  健康风险

英文关键词:muscle from cultured shellfish  cadmium  investigation  health risk

中文摘要:

      目的 调查乐清湾北部及嵊泗区域养殖贝类肌肉中镉含量, 并探讨摄食途径可能导致的健康风险。方法 测定2016~2018年间采自乐清湾北部缢蛏、青蛤及嵊泗区域紫贻贝等3种养殖贝类肌肉中镉含量水平, 与国家限量标准进行比对, 并运用单因子污染指数(pollution index, Pi)评估样品中镉污染程度, 并以目标危害系数(target hazard quotients, THQ)和目标致癌风险(target cancer risk, TR)为考量指标, 评估通过摄食途径可能导致的健康风险。结果 3种肌肉样品中镉检出率为100%, 但超标率为0。含量平均值总体比较: 紫贻贝﹥缢蛏﹥青蛤。本研究中所有样品Cd单项污染指数的Pi值均远低于1.0, 绝大部分为正常背景水平, 少量呈轻度污染水平。健康风险评估结果显示, 所有样品THQ值均小于安全基准值1.0, 数据表明暴露人群没有明显的非致癌健康风险。TR的评价结果均在美国环保署推荐的可接受风险值(10–6~10–4)范围内, 但也有部分样品超过了国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的最大可接受风险值(5.0×10–5)。结论 乐清湾北部及嵊泗区域养殖贝类肌肉中镉含量以及TR的评价结果均有部分不合格, 建议相关部门继续加强对该地区养殖贝类中镉健康风险的防控。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the cadmium content in muscle from cultured shellfish in northern Yueqing Bay and Shengsi, and explore potential health risk by food intake. Methods Cadmium content in Sinonovaculaconstricta, Cyclinasinensis from the north of Yueqing Bay and Mytilusedulis from Shengsi region were determined from 2016 to 2018. Compared with the national limit standard, the pollution index (Pi) was assessd the level of cadmium contamination in the sample, and the possible health risks from ingestion were assessed using the target hazard quotients (THQ) and target cancer risk (TR) as indicators. Results The positive rate of cadmium in muscle samples from three kinds of shellfish was 100%, but the exceeding standard rate was 0, while average content in muscle of different shellfish species decreased in the following sequence: Mytilusedulis﹥Sinonovaculaconstricta﹥Cyclinasinensis. Pivalue for Cd in all samples were below 1.0, the majority were within the normal range, only a small amount reached slightly pollution level. The results of healthrisk assessment showed that THQ values for all samples were below 1.0, which demonstrated that the non-cancer risk of human exposure to Cd in muscle from three cultured shellfish species was not significant. Assessment results of TR were within the management standard (10–6–10–4) of United States Environmental Protection Agency (US EPA), but which of several samples exceeded the management standard (5.0×10–5) of International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP). Conclusion Cadmium content and TR of shellfish cultured in the north of Yueqing Bay and Shengsi area are partly unqualified. It is suggested that relevant departments continue to strengthen the prevention and control of health risks of cadmium in cultured shellfish in this area.