黄芪中黄酮类成分的研究进展

Research progress of flavonoids in Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge

中文关键词:  黄芪  黄酮类化合物  结构分析  生物活性

英文关键词:Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge  flavonoids  structure classification  biological activities

中文摘要:

      黄芪以蒙古黄芪和膜荚黄芪的干燥根入药, 是中医临床上常用的大宗中药材。近年来, 国内外以黄芪为原料的中成药、保健品、食品、化妆品、动物饲料和有机绿肥等产品的研究与开发迅速升温, 具有广泛的应用前景。黄芪具有多种生物活性, 如增强机体免疫力、保肝、利尿、抗衰老、降压和抗菌等作用。药材的药效与其所含的有效成分息息相关, 不同的化学成分产生不同的药理作用。本文概述了近年来蒙古黄芪和膜荚黄芪中黄酮类化合物的化学结构、生物活性和含量分析方法研究进展。黄芪总黄酮主要含黄酮、异黄酮、异黄烷和紫檀素型黄酮等50余种黄酮类化合物, 其中异黄酮的种类最多。黄芪总黄酮表现出显著的抗氧化、抗衰老、抗肿瘤、抗糖尿病、免疫调节和保护心血管系统等作用。

英文摘要:

      Astragali radix is commonly used as a large quantity of traditional Chinese medicine in clinic. It is composed of the dried roots of Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. var. mongholicus (Bge.) Hsiao and Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bge. In recent years, the research and development of Chinese traditional patent medicine, health products, food additives, cosmetics, animal feed and organic green fertilizers consisting of Astragali radix are heating up rapidly and have good market prospect. Astragali radix has a variety of physiological functions, such as immunoregulation, liver protection, diuresis, anti-aging, hypotension and antibacterial effect, which are closely related to its active components. Different chemical structures lead to different pharmacological actions. In this paper, the chemical structure classification, biological activities and content analysis methods of flavonoids from Astragalus mongholicus and Astragalus membranaceus were reviewed. Total flavonoids of Astragalus mainly contain more than 50 kinds of flavones, isoflavones, isoflavanes and pterocardin-type flavonoids, of which isoflavones are the most numerous. The total flavonoids of Astragalus showed significant anti-oxidation, anti-aging, anti-tumor, immunoregulation and protection of cardiovascular system functions.