2012—2019年烟台市食品中玉米赤霉烯酮污染状况及暴露评估

Analysis on contamination of zearalenone and dietary exposure assessment in food samples of Yantai city from 2012 to 2019

中文关键词:  烟台  玉米赤霉烯酮  污染状况  暴露评估

英文关键词:Yantai  zearalenone  contamination status  exposure assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 了解烟台市食品中玉米赤霉烯酮的污染状况, 评估烟台市居民膳食来源玉米赤霉烯酮的暴露量。方法 2012—2019年随机采集烟台市13个县市区食品样品405份, 包括谷物及其制品、玉米油和焙烤食品。采用高效液相色谱法检测玉米赤霉烯酮, 结合粮油食品的膳食消费量进行暴露量点评估。结果 食品中玉米赤霉烯酮总检出率为8.15%(33/405), 总超标率为0.99%(4/405), 平均值为7.85 μg/kg。玉米及其制品中玉米赤霉烯酮检出率和平均值最高, 分别为22.96%(31/135)和15.07 μg/kg。玉米油中玉米赤霉烯酮检出率和均值分别为10%(2/20)和6.17 μg/kg。小麦及其制品、小米、焙烤食品中玉米赤霉烯酮均未检出。散装样品比定型包装样品更容易受到污染。在平均值、P50、P75和P90污染水平下, 谷物及其制品和玉米油食品安全指数(food safety index, IFS)＜1, 处于安全水平。高污染水平(P95)的谷物及其制品的IFS＞1, 膳食风险处于不可接受水平。但高污染水平的(P95)玉米油的IFS＜1, 处于安全水平。结论 玉米相关制品中玉米赤霉烯酮污染较其他食品种类高。消费者通过摄入谷物及其制品和玉米油造成玉米赤霉烯酮的膳食暴露风险较小, 除高污染水平(P95)的谷物及其制品外, 其余均处于安全水平。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the contamination of zearalenone in food in Yantai city, and to evaluate the exposure of zearalenone from dietary sources of residents in Yantai city. Methods From 2012 to 2019, 405 food samples were randomly collected from 13 counties and cities in Yantai city, including grains and their products, corn oil and baked goods. The zearalenone was detected by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and the exposure point assessment was conducted in combination with dietary consumption of grain, oil and food. Results The total detection rate of zearalenone in food was 8.15% (33/405), the total exceeding standard rate was 0.99%(4/405), and the mean value was 7.85 μg/kg. The detection rate and average value of zearalenone in corn and its products were the highest, they were 22.96% (31/135) and 15.07 μg/kg, respectively. The detection rate and mean value zearalenone in corn oil were 10%(2/20)and 6.17 μg/kg, respectively. The zearalenone was not detected in wheat flour and its products, millet and bakery product. Bulk samples were more likely to be contaminated than samples in regular packaging. Under the pollution levels of average value, P50, P75 and P90, the food safety index (IFS) of grains and their products and corn oil were less than 1, which was at a safe level. While, the IFS of grain and its products with high zearalenone contamination level (P95)＞1, the dietary risks was unacceptable. But the IFS of corn oil with high zearalenone contamination level (P95)<1, which was at a safe level. Conclusion Zearalenone pollution in corn-related products is higher than other food types. Consumers' dietary exposure risk of zearalenone through ingestion of grains and their products and corn oil is relatively small. Except for grains and their products with high pollution levels (P95), the rest are at a safe level.