手性固定相在农药对映体检测中的研究进展

Research progress of chiral stationary phases in pesticide enantiomers detection

中文关键词:  手性农药  手性固定相  色谱法  手性分离  手性识别

英文关键词:chiral pesticide  chiral stationary phase  chromatography  chiral separation  chiral recognition

中文摘要:

      农药的使用作为农业粮食作物增产增收、抵御病虫害的重要手段被人们所熟知。近年来随着环境污染、生态破坏的愈发严重以及人们对自身健康的关注, 绿色农业成为了议论焦点。手性农药因其对映异构体在环境中的分解转化和人体内的作用机制差异而被广泛研究, 相同药效单一异构体手性农药往往比外消旋体的用量少数倍。此外, 手性农药对于大部分生物都有对映体选择性, 这就导致减少不利异构体的使用可以降低生物的胚胎致畸、激素紊乱的概率。常见农药中至少有40%具有手性结构, 而市售的手性农药仅有7%以单一异构体形式售卖, 因此如何精确、高效的将手性农药用于农业生产并进行农残检测成为重要的研究课题。本文主要对手性农药的危害与识别机制以及近年来用于分离与检测手性农药的手性固定相(chiral stationary phases, CSPs)的发展近况、结构分类、检测进展进行了概述, 以期为后续手性农药的发展与检测技术的更新提供依据。

英文摘要:

      The use of pesticides is well known as an important method for agricultural crops to increase yields and resist pests and diseases. In recent years, as environmental pollution and ecological damage have become more and more serious, and people’s attention to their own health has continued to increase, green agriculture has become the focus of discussion. Due to the different decomposition and transformation mechanisms of its enantiomers in the environment and different influences in the human body, chiral pesticides have been extensively studied. Under the same efficacy, the single isomer chiral pesticide is used less than the racemate. In addition, chiral pesticides have enantioselectivity for most organisms, so reducing the use of unfavorable isomers can reduce the probability of biological embryos teratogenic and hormone disorders. At least 40% of common pesticides have chiral structure, while only 7% of commercially available chiral pesticides are sold as a single isomer. Therefore, how to accurately and efficiently use chiral pesticides in agricultural production and conduct chiral pesticide detection has become an important research topic. This review summarized the hazards and identification mechanisms of chiral pesticides, the recent development of chiral stationary phases (CSPs) used to separate and detect chiral pesticides, the structure classification, and the progress of detection, in order to provide the basis for the development of chiral pesticides and the update of detection technology.