佛山市禅城区食用鱼中汞和砷形态分析及食用安全性评价

Species analysis and safety evaluation of mercury and arsenic in edible fish in Chancheng district in Foshan city

中文关键词:  食用鱼  汞  砷  形态分析  安全性评价

英文关键词:edible fish  mercury  arsenic  species analysis  safety evaluation

中文摘要:

      目的 测定佛山市禅城区食用鱼中汞和砷含量, 并进行形态分析, 了解其污染状况, 评价食用安全性。方法 采用直接测汞仪测定食用鱼中总汞含量; 使用微波消解法进行前处理, 用电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS)测定食用鱼中的总砷含量; 并用高效液相色谱-电感耦合等离子体质谱联用法(high performance liquid chromatography-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, HPLC-ICP-MS)对汞和砷的形态进行分析, 根据GB 2762-2017《食品安全国家标准 食品中污染物限量》, 采用单因子污染指数法和每周可耐受摄入量对汞和砷进行食用安全性评价。结果 禅城区常见食用鱼中汞主要以甲基汞形式存在, 砷主要以砷甜菜碱和少量二甲基砷酸形式存在。所测样本中甲基汞平均含量值为0.026 mg/kg, 低于国家标准限量值0.5 mg/kg; 无机砷含量低于检出限0.02 mg/kg, 砷甜菜碱含量为0.477 mg/kg。六齿金线鱼(地方名: 红杉鱼)中甲基汞含量均值为0.104 mg/kg, 属于轻度污染。结论 佛山市禅城区食用鱼中汞和砷含量符合食品安全国家标准, 但存在一定食用安全风险, 尤其是六齿金线鱼中甲基汞属于轻度污染, 食用风险高。

英文摘要:

      Objective To determine the content of mercury and arsenic in edible fish in Chancheng district of Foshan city, and analyze the forms of mercury and arsenic in order to understand the pollution status and evaluate the food safety. Methods The content of total mercury in edible fish was determined by direct mercury analyzer; the content of arsenic in edible fish was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) after the pretreatment by microwave digestion. The speciation of mercury and arsenic was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (HPLC-ICP-MS), according to GB 2762?2017 National food safety standard-Limits of pollutants in food, the food safety of mercury and arsenic was evaluated by single factor pollution index method and weekly tolerable intake. Results Mercury in common edible fish in Chancheng district mainly existed in the form of methylmercury, and arsenic was mainly in the form of arsenic betaine AsB and a small amount of dimethylarsenic acid DMA. The average content of methylmercury in the measured samples was 0.026 mg/kg, lower than the national standard limit 0.5 mg/kg; the inorganic arsenic content was lower than the detection limit 0.02 mg/kg, and the content of arsenic betaine (AsB) was 0.477 mg/kg. The average content of methylmercury in the six-toothed golden threadfish (local name: red cedar) was 0.104 mg/kg, belonging to light pollution. Conclusion The content of mercury and arsenic in edible fish in Chancheng district of Foshan city meets national food safety standards, but there are certain food safety risks, especially methylmercury in six-toothed golden, which is slightly polluted and has high edible risk