营养活性物质的蛋白类载体研究进展

Research progress of protein-based carriers for nutraceuticals

中文关键词:  营养活性物质  蛋白质  无脂型载体  乳状液型载体

英文关键词:nutraceutical  protein  fat-free carrier  emulsion-based carrier

中文摘要:

      营养活性物质因具有一系列调节人体生理机能的功能活性而备受关注。然而, 营养活性物质的低溶解性、化学不稳定性和低生物利用度极大地限制了它们在食品工业中的应用。基于营养活性物质的理化性质, 针对性地设计有效的载体体系对其进行包埋和保护已成为当前研究的热点。天然蛋白质因具有乳化、凝胶、配体结合和多糖复合等特性, 可制备生成诸如蛋白质复合物、微/纳米粒子、乳状液以及乳化凝胶等具有不同结构的组装体, 已被广泛的用作单一营养活性物质的载体, 并正在逐渐应用于多种营养活性物质的共包埋, 在功能性产品的开发中具有广阔的应用前景。本文概述了营养活性物质的分类和功能特性、以及基于蛋白质的无脂型和乳状液型载体的研究进展。

英文摘要:

      Nutraceuticals have attracted great attention due to their series of functional activities that regulate the physiological function of human body. However, the application of nutraceuticals in the food industry has been greatly limited by their low solubility, chemical instability and low bioavailability. It is interesting to contrapuntally design an effective carrier for the encapsulation and protection of nutraceuticals based on their physicochemical properties. Natural proteins have the characteristics of emulsification, gelation, ligand binding and polysaccharide complexation and can be used to prepare the assemblies with different structures, such as molecular complexes, micro/nano particles, emulsions, and emulsified gels, which have been widely used as carriers of a single nutraceutical and are being applied for the co-encapsulation of multiple nutraceuticals. Protein-based carriers have the potential for the application in the development of functional products. This review summarized the classification and functional properties of nutraceuticals, as well as the research progress of fat-free and emulsion-based carriers made of proteins.