2019年长沙市城区外卖米饭中黄曲霉素B1污染状况调查

Investigation and analysis of aflatoxin B1 pollution in takeaway rice in the urban area of Changsha in 2019

中文关键词:  外卖  大米  黄曲霉素B1  酶联免疫吸附法

英文关键词:takeaway  rice  aflatoxin B1  enzyme linked immunosorbent assay

中文摘要:

      目的 了解2019年长沙市城区外卖米饭中黄曲霉素B1污染状况。方法 从长沙市6个区中以消费者的身份使用外卖软件随机抽取外卖米饭样本共103份, 采用酶联免疫吸附法测定样本米饭中黄曲霉素B1的含量。采用独立样本t检验或单因素方差分析的方法探究含有不同特征的商家提供的米饭中黄曲霉素B1的含量差异。结果 103个受试样本中黄曲霉素B1含量的中位数为4.36 μg/kg, 超标率为1.94%。高消费水平组黄曲霉素B1平均含量(3.02 μg/kg)低于低消费水平组(5.11 μg/kg), 且差异有统计学意义(P<0.5)。提供堂食的外卖商家所提供的米饭中AFB1平均含量(4.62 μg/kg)低于不提供堂食的外卖商家(6.01 μg/kg), 且差异有统计学意义(P<0.5)。结论 长沙市城区外卖米饭可能普遍存在黄曲霉素B1污染，但含量较低。消费者尽量选择消费水平较高且可提供堂食的外卖商家, 食品安全相关部门应加强及落实对外卖食品安全的管理。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the amount of aflatoxin B1 pollution in takeaway rice samples sold in the urban area of Changsha in 2019. Methods A total of 103 takeaway rice samples were randomly selected in 6 districts in Changsha as consumers using takeaway software, and the content of aflatoxin B1 in the sample rice was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Differences in the content of aflatoxin B1 in rice provided by businesses with different characteristics were explored by using independent sample t test or one-way analysis of variance. Results The median amount of AFB1 in 103 samples was 4.36 μg/kg, and the exceeding rate was 1.94%. The average content of aflatoxin B1 in the high consumption level group (3.02 g/kg) was lower than that in the low consumption level group (5.11 g/kg), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.5). The average content of AFB1 (4.62 μg/kg) in the rice provided by the takeaway merchants who provided dine-in meals was lower than the takeaway merchants who did not provide dine-in meals (6.01 μg/kg), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.5). Conclusion Aflatoxin B1 contamination may be prevalent in take-out rice in urban areas of Changsha, but the content is low. Consumers should choose takeaway businesses that have a high level of consumption and can provide meals. Relevant departments of food safety should strengthen the management of food safety of takeaway.