广东省蟹类镉污染调查及评价

Investigation and evaluation of cadmium contamination in crab products in Guangdong province

中文关键词:  蟹  重金属  镉  广东省

英文关键词:crab  heave metal  cadmium  Guangdong province

中文摘要:

      目的 了解广东省淡水蟹与海水蟹中镉的污染水平。方法 2013-2016、2018年在广东省21地市总共采集572份蟹类样品, 采用电感耦合等离子体质谱联用法检测样品中镉含量。结果 5年监测显示广东省蟹类产品超标率约为30%, 镉含量均值为0.688 mg/kg, 中位数为0.208 mg/kg; 其中海水蟹是广东地区主要的食用蟹种类, 但其镉含量较高, 中位数为0.231 mg/kg, 超标率是淡水蟹的10倍; 其次通过对样品产地进行分析, 非沿海城市的蟹类主要源自于沿海城市的海水蟹, 并同样含有较高水平的镉污染。针对蟹的不同食用部位进行细化检测, 其中蟹黄蟹膏镉超标率约为80%, 含量高于2 mg/kg。结论 广东省蟹类镉污染仍处于较高水平; 含镉量较高的蟹以海水蟹为主, 同时蟹黄、蟹膏食用镉暴露风险高于蟹肉。应针对性的提升对小型餐饮业的卫生管理, 同时加大对重金属环境污染的治理, 从源头以降低蟹等水产品镉污染的风险。

英文摘要:

      Objective To understand the level of cadmium pollution in freshwater crabs and marine crabs in Guangdong province. Methods From 2013 to 2016 and 2018, a total of 572 crab samples were collected from 21 cities in Guangdong province, and cadmium content in the samples was detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Results The 5-year monitoring showed that the exceeded rate of crab products in Guangdong province was around 30%, the mean of cadmium content was 0.688 mg/kg, and the median was 0.208 mg/kg. Sea crabs were the main food crab species for Guangdong consumers, the cadmium content of which was relatively high, with a median of 0.231 mg/kg. The exceeded rate of sea crabs was 10 times higher than that of freshwater crabs. According to the analysis of sample production areas, the crabs in non-coastal cities were mainly derived from sea crabs in coastal cities, and contained high levels of cadmium. The exceeded rate of crab paste and roe was about 80%, and the content of cadmium was higher than 2 mg/kg. Conclusion Cadmium pollution of crabs in Guangdong province is still at a high level. The crab with higher cadmium content is mainly sea crab, and the risk of cadmium exposure of crab roe and crab paste is higher than that of crab meat. The hygiene management of the small-scale catering industry should be improved in a targeted manner, and the management of heavy metal environmental pollution should be increased to reduce the risk of cadmium pollution from crabs and other aquatic products from the source.