乳酸菌逆环境下分裂及调控的研究进展

Research progress on the cell division and regulation of lactic acid bacteria at stress condition

中文关键词:  乳酸菌  细胞分裂  逆环境  调控机制  增殖

英文关键词:lactic acid bacteria  cell division  stress conditions  regulation  proliferation

中文摘要:

      乳酸菌因发酵性能、益生和拮抗能力被广泛应用于食品、工业及医学等领域, 但实际生产中, 不利环境会抑制乳酸菌的活性和分裂能力, 导致活性菌体数量无法提高, 限制其在生产中的应用。本文借鉴多种细菌的分裂机制及调控研究, 分别介绍了以“DNA复制”、“分裂体形成”和“子细胞分离”为主的细菌分裂周期过程, 着重介绍了与乳酸菌一致的分裂关键蛋白染色体复制起始蛋白(chromosomal replication initiator protein DnaA, DnaA)和类微管丝状温敏感突变体蛋白Z(Filamenting temperature sensitive mutant Z, FtsZ)； 归纳总结了逆环境对细菌分裂周期关键蛋白表达、活性及定位的影响；根据已报道乳酸菌抗胁迫环境的调控研究, 简述了菌体细胞分裂调控的可能机制。由于针对乳酸菌细胞分裂的相关研究鲜有报道, 本文拟通过已报道的分裂机制, 对乳酸菌抗逆环境下分裂的研究提供借鉴, 为乳酸菌分裂调控研究提供新思路。

英文摘要:

      Lactic acid bacteria are widely used in food manufacturing, industrial and medical field due to their fermentation performance, probiotic and anti-pathogenic bacteria ability. In the actual production, fermentation and division capacity of bacteria cells are limited when cells involved in various un-favored stress conditions, resulting in a low quality and amount of viable cells, limiting its application in production.. In this paper, the bacterial cell cycle processes, included ‘DNA replication’, ‘mitosis’ and the ‘generation of daughter cells’ were introduced, and focused on the key cell division proteins (chromosomal replication initiator protein DnaA, DnaA) homologous with the lactic acid bacteria cells and filamenting temperature sensitive mutant Z (FtsZ). We summarized the effect of stress condition on the expression, activity, and localization of the key proteins of cell division cycle. Based on the researches on regulation of bacterial cells to against stress conditions, we analyzed the possible mechanisms of regulation of cell division at stress conditions. Due to few reports about the lactic acid bacterial cell cycle, this paper intended to provide references for the study of the lactic acid bacterial cell division at the stress environment and new ideas for the research of lactic acid bacteria cell division regulation.