鸟嘌呤四链体DNAzyme在微生物、生物小分子和核酸检测中的研究进展

Research progress of G-quadruplexDNAzyme in detection of microorganism, biomolecule and nucleic acids

中文关键词:  鸟嘌呤四链体  结构分析  酶学性质  等温扩增技术  生物传感器

英文关键词:G-quadruplex  structural analysis  enzymatic properties  isothermal amplification  biosensor

中文摘要:

      鸟嘌呤四链体脱氧核酶(deoxyribozyme, DNAzyme)是一种具有类过氧化物酶催化活性的脱氧核酶, 广泛应用于微生物和核酸的分析与检测中。鸟嘌呤四链体DNAzyme在H2O2存在时可以催化氧化ABTS、TMB等底物, 结合PCR、等温扩增技术以及生物传感器等多种核酸靶标信号放大技术实现待测靶标的便捷灵敏的可视化检测, 因此受到了国内外研究者们的高度关注。优化鸟嘌呤四链体的序列和环境因素, 能够提高该DNAzyme的催化活性, 有助于提高可视化检测方法的灵敏度。本文主要对鸟嘌呤四链体DNAzyme的结构与酶学性质及其应用于微生物、生物毒素和疾病标志物等的基于核酸的检测策略进行综述, 为进一步推动鸟嘌呤四链体DNAzyme的广泛应用提供理论基础和技术支持。

英文摘要:

      G-quadruplex deoxyribozyme (DNAzyme) is a deoxyribozyme with peroxidase-like catalytic activity and is widely used in the analysis and detection of microoganism and nucleic acids. G-quadruplex DNAzyme could catalyze the oxidation of substrates such as ABTS and TMB in the presence of H2O2. The targets could be detected visually, simply and rapidly based on various target signal amplification technologies such as PCR, isothermal amplification technology, and biosensors combing with G-quadruplex DNAzyme. Therefore, G-quadruplex DNAzyme has been highly concerned by researchers at home and abroad. The optimization of G-quadruplex sequence and environmental factors could enhance the catalytic activity of DNAzyme and help improving the sensitivity of the visual detection method. This article summarized the structure and enzymatic properties of G-quadruplex DNAzyme and its nucleic acid-based detection strategies for microorganisms, biological toxin, and disease markers, in order to provide theoretical basis and technical support for its further applications.