植物生长调节剂对番茄产量和品质的影响及膳食摄入风险评估

Effects of plant growth regulator on yield and quality of tomato and the dietary intake risk assessment

中文关键词:  番茄  植物生长调节剂  品质  残留  风险评估

英文关键词:tomato  plant growth regulator  quality  residue  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 明确不同植物生长调节剂赤霉酸、2,4-滴和噻苯隆对番茄产量和品质的影响, 掌握它们在番茄中的残留情况以及对不同人群的膳食摄入风险。方法 在番茄花期施用植物生长调节剂赤霉酸、2,4滴和噻苯隆各1次, 正常成熟期采摘, 分析不同植物生长调节剂处理对番茄产量和品质的影响及残留情况, 整合两年的番茄市场监测数据, 利用农药残留专家联席会议农药急性膳食风险摄入量计算法和@risk定量风险评估软件, 对番茄中3种植物生长调节剂残留在我国不同人群中的膳食摄入风险进行评估。结果 3种植物生长调节剂均可显著提高番茄的产量和品质(P<0.05), 其中噻苯隆效果最显著, 且产品中相应植物生长调节剂残留量较低, 平均值0.0042~0.0058 mg/kg; 3种植物生长调节剂在市场监测的300个样品中均有检出, 总检出率9.33%, 检出平均值0.034~0.069 mg/kg; 番茄中赤霉酸、2,4-滴和噻苯隆残留的短期膳食摄入量在0.00104~ 0.00658 mg/kg bw/d, 仅占相应每日急性参考剂量的0.60%~7.24%, 急性风险较低。结论 在番茄花期施用赤霉酸、2,4-滴或噻苯隆可显著提高番茄的产量和品质, 且产品中残留量低, 番茄中3种植调剂残留在不同人群中的膳食摄入风险均很低, 在可接受范围内。

英文摘要:

      Objective To determine the effects of different plant growth regulators, including gibberellic acid, 2,4-D and thidiazuron on tomato yield and quality, and to understand the residual status of them in tomato and the risk of dietary intake in different groups. Methods In the tomato flowering stage, gibberellic acid, 2,4-D and thidiazuron were applied once, and they were harvested at normal maturity. The effects of different plant growth regulators on the yield and quality of tomato and their residues were analyzed. By integrating 2 years of tomato market monitoring data and using the calculation method of pesticide acute dietary risk intake of the joint conference of pesticide residue experts and @risk quantitative risk assessment software, the risk of dietary intake of tomato with 3 plant growth regulator residues in different populations in China was evaluated. Results The 3 plant growth regulator could significantly improve the yield and quality of tomato (P<0.05), of which thidiazuron had the most significant effect, and the residual amount of corresponding plant growth regulator in the product was relatively low, with an average value of 0.0042?0.0058 mg/kg. Three plant growth regulators were detected in 300 samples monitored by the market, the total detection rate was 9.33%, and the average value was 0.034?0.069 mg/kg. Short-term dietary intake of gibberellic acid, 2,4-D and thiabenone residues in tomatoes ranged from 0.00104?0.00658 mg/kg bw/d, accounting for only 0.60%?7.24% of the corresponding daily acute reference dose, indicating a low acute risk. Conclusion The application of gibberellic acid, 2,4-D and thidiazuron in the flowering stage of tomato could significantly increase the yield and quality of tomato, the residual amount in the product was low, and the risk of dietary intake of the residual agent 3 in tomato in different groups was very low, within the acceptable range.