济南部分地区谷物制品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇及玉米赤霉烯酮的污染状况

Contamination status of deoxynivalenol and zearalenone in cereal products in parts of Jinan city

中文关键词:  谷物制品  脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇  玉米赤霉烯酮  酶联免疫吸附试验

英文关键词:cereal products  deoxynivalenol  zearalenone  enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

中文摘要:

      目的 了解济南部分地区常见的即食谷物加工制品中脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇(deoxynivalenol, DON)和玉米赤霉烯酮(zearalenone, ZEN)的污染情况。方法 在济南市区内4个不同地点随机采集即食谷物加工制品共50份, 酶联免疫吸附法(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, ELISA)检测DON、ZEN的含量, 根据食品安全国家标准GB 2761-2017食品中真菌毒素限量对结果进行分析。结果 50份样品中, DON和ZEN的检出率分别为90.0%、76.0%, 超标率分别为48.0%、16.0%, 中位数分别为975.0、39.2 μg/kg。12份有食品包装批号和38份无食品包装批号的样品中, DON超标率分别为33.3%、52.6%, ZEN超标率分别为8.3%、18.4%, 差别均无统计学意义(DON: X2=1.361, P=0.243>0.05; ZEN: X2=0.144, P=0.704>0.05)。DON、ZEN超标率在不同采样点的差别均无统计学意义(DON: X2=2.985, P=0.225>0.05; ZEN: X2=1.453, P=0.484>0.05)。在零食类谷物制品和主食类谷物制品中, DON超标率的差别无统计学意义(P=0.749>0.05), ZEN超标率的差别有统计学意义(P=0.010<0.05)。结论 济南部分地区即食谷物加工制品中存在一定程度的DON、ZEN污染, 其中DON污染更严重, 这种污染情况同时存在于两种包装形式、零食和主食两大类以及不同售卖地点的谷物制品中。提示济南部分地区谷物加工制品的DON、ZEN污染情况应引起相关监管机构的重视。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate deoxynivalenol (DON) and zearalenone (ZEN) contamination status in cereal products in parts of Jinan city, so as to provide scientific basis for the supervision and administration of food safety. Methods A total of 50 ready-to-eat grain processed products were randomly collected from four different locations in Jinan. The contents of DON and ZEN were detected by ELISA, and the results were analyzed according to GB 2761-2017. Results Among the 50 samples, the detection rates of DON and ZEN were 90.0%, 76.0%, 48.0% and 16.0%, respectively, with median values of 975.0 and 39.2 μg/kg. Among the 12 samples with food package batch numbers and 38 samples without food package batch numbers, the DON exceeding rate was 33.3%, 52.6%, and the ZEN exceeding rate was 8.3% and 18.4%, respectively, with no statistical significance (DON: X2=1.361, P=0.243>0.05; ZEN: X2=0.144, P=0.704>0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the exceeding rate of DON and ZEN at different sampling points (DON: X2=2.985, P=0.225>0.05; ZEN: X2=1.453, P=0.484>0.05). Among snack cereal products and staple cereal products, the difference of DON exceeding rate was not statistically significant (P=0.749>0.05), while the difference of ZEN exceeding rate was statistically significant (P=0.010<0.05). Conclusion There is a certain degree of DON and ZEN pollution in ready-to-eat cereal products in some areas of Jinan, among which DON pollution is more serious. This kind of pollution exists in two kinds of packaging forms, snacks and staple food, and food sold in different places. It is suggested that the pollution of DON and ZEN of cereal products in jinan should be paid more attention to.