大理州地方特色食品食源性致病菌污染状况及相关危险因素分析

Analysis of contamination status and related risk factors of foodborne pathogenic bacteria in local specialty foods of Dali prefecture

中文关键词:  特色食品  致病菌  污染状况  大理州

英文关键词:specialty food  pathogenic bacteria  contamination status  Dali prefecture

中文摘要:

      目的 了解大理州地方特色食品中食源性致病菌污染状况和相关危险因素。方法 按照GB/T 4789-2016《食品微生物检验标准》对2016~2017年采集的2种特色食品(生皮、乳扇)共153件进行金黄色葡萄球菌和沙门氏菌的检测。检测结果按照不同年度、不同来源、不同种类、不同季度进行分析比较。结果 153件样品中, 共有35件检出致病菌, 阳性率为22.88%。2016~2017年阳性率分别为34.72%和12.35%。采自餐饮环节和农贸市场的样品阳性率分别为21.51%和25.00%。2种特色食品均检出致病菌, 生皮(凉拌生猪皮)阳性率较高为24.24%, 乳扇阳性率为20.37%。在检出的35株致病菌中, 主要是金黄色葡萄球菌(85.71%)。各季度间食源性致病菌的检出率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 大理州地区特色食品致病菌污染存在潜在风险, 应加强食品安全风险监测, 提高人群健康教育水平。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the food contamination caused by foodborne pathogens and related risk factors in local specialty foods of Dali. Methods According to the GB/T 4789-2016 Food microbiological test standard, a total of 153 pieces of two special foods (raw skin, dairy fan) collected in 2016-2017 were tested for Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella. The test results were analyzed and compared according to different years, sources, types, and quarters. Results Among the 153 samples, pathogenic bacteria were detected in 35 samples, and the positive rate was 22.88%. The positive rates in 2016?2017 were 34.72% and 12.35%, respectively. The positive rates of samples in the catering links and farmers market were 21.51% and 25.00%, respectively. The pathogenic bacteria were detected in both specialty foods. The positive rates of raw hide (cold pig skin) and dairy fan were 24.24% and 20.37%, respectively. Among the 35 detected pathogens, 85.71% was contaminated by Staphylococcus aureus. There was a statistically significant difference in the detection rates of foodborne pathogens among the quarters (P<0.05). Conclusion There is a potential risk of contamination of characteristic food pathogens in Dali prefecture, so it should be strengthened the food safety risk monitoring and improve the health education level of the population.