真菌毒素检测与限量标准的现状与问题分析

Current situation and problems of mycotoxin detection and limitation standards

中文关键词:  真菌毒素  研究现状  限量标准

英文关键词:mycotoxins  research status  limited standard

中文摘要:

      真菌毒素是一类由丝状真菌在适宜条件下产生的有毒次级代谢产物, 极易污染粮谷类食品、食用油及乳制品等, 具有肝毒性、肾毒性、致畸性、致癌性、免疫抑制及破坏生殖系统等毒性, 对人体危害极大, 是继农药残留、兽药残留、重金属污染后, 影响农产品质量安全的又一类关键风险因子, 极大的制约了我国农产品的出口贸易, 同时也造成了我国食品安全的又一问题。本文重点介绍了农产品中真菌毒素的类型品种、毒性特点以及不同检验方法的适用范围、限量及检出限, 阐述了真菌毒素限量标准的研究进展和标准内容, 通过比对国内外真菌毒素的研究种类和进展, 分析目前真菌毒素污染现状及存在的问题, 提出应对策略, 对真菌毒素污染检测的发展进行了展望, 对今后保障饮食安全提供科学依据。

英文摘要:

      Mycotoxins are a class of toxic secondary metabolites produced by filamentous fungi under suitable conditions. They can easily contaminate cereals, edible oils and dairy products, and have hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity, teratogenicity, carcinogenicity and immunity, and can inhibit and destroy the toxicity of the reproductive system, which is extremely harmful to the human body. It is another key risk factor that affects the quality and safety of agricultural products after pesticide residues, veterinary drug residues and heavy metal pollution, which greatly restricts the export trade of Chinese agricultural products. It has also caused another problem in Chinese food safety. This paper focused on the types and toxicity characteristics of mycotoxins in agricultural products, as well as the scope of application, limits and detection limits of different test methods, described the research progress and standard content of mycotoxin limit standards, by comparing the types and progress of mycotoxins at home and abroad, analyzed the current status and problems of mycotoxin contamination, proposed countermeasures, and forecasted the development of mycotoxin contamination detection, so as to provide scientific basis for ensuring food safety in the future.