高邮养殖区罗氏沼虾中多环芳烃的残留现状与健康风险评价

Determination and health risk assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons residues in Macrobrachium rosenbergii in major aquaculture areas of Gaoyou city

中文关键词:  罗氏沼虾  多环芳烃  养殖区  风险评价

英文关键词:Macrobrachium rosenbergii  polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons  aquiculture area  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 对高邮市9个养殖区罗氏沼虾中多环芳烃(polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, PAHs)的残留现状与健康风险进行分析。方法 样品中的多环芳烃由环己烷:二氯甲烷(1:1=V:V)混合溶液索氏提取, 经凝胶渗透色谱(gel permeation chromatography, GPC)净化后, 通过DB35-MS毛细管色谱柱分离, 采用电子轰击源选择反应监测模式进行质谱分析, 以内标法定量。根据残留量, 采用美国环保局(US environmental protection agency, USEPA)将风险模型与毒性结合的方式, 毒性当量因子(toxic equivalency factors, TEF)方法估算PAHs 相对苯并(a)芘(BaP)的总毒性当量浓度, 采用终生致癌风险(increased lifetime cancer risk, ILCR) 模型进行健康风险评价。结果 对90个样品进行了检测, 方法检出限为0.017~0.171 μg/kg, 测定下限为0.051 μg/kg, 加标回收率为71.0%~117.0%, 相对标准偏差为1.79%~8.24%。9个养殖区16种PAHs组分总检出率在100%, 范围在6.62~53.2 μg/kg, 结构上3环、4环作为优势组分含量较高, 致癌作用显著性的苯并[a]芘均未检出。养殖区PAHs来源为石油污染, 中高环同分异构体比值法更进一步验证了污染源为石油。ILCR范围在2.74×10?10～3.30×10?8。结论 致癌风险处于控制水平, 在可接受范围内。

英文摘要:

      Objective To analyze the residues and health risk of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Macrobrachium rosenbergii in major aquaculture areas of Gaoyou city. Methods Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were extracted by Soxhlet's method in cyclohexane-dichloromethane (1:1=V:V) mixed solution. After purification by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), PAHs were separated by DB35-MS capillary column. Samples were detected by mass spectrometry with electron bombardment source selection reaction monitoring mode, and quantified by internal standard method. According to the residues, the total toxicity equivalent concentration of PAHs relative to benzo [a] pyrene (BaP) was estimated by United States Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) risk model and toxicity model, and then the lifetime carcinogenic risk (ILCR) model was used for health risk assessment. Result A total of 90 kinds of samples were tested. The limits of detection were 0.017?0.171 g/kg, and the lower limit was 0.051 g/kg. The recoveries of standard addition ranged from 71.0% to 117.0%, and the relative standard deviations ranged from 1.79% to 8.24%. The total detection rate of 16 PAHs components in 9 aquaculture areas was 100%, ranging from 6.62 to 53.2 μg/kg. Structurally, the content of 3 and 4 rings as dominant components was relatively high, and the benzo (a) pyrene with significant carcinogenic effect was not detected. Petroleum pollution was the source of PAHs in aquaculture area, and the ratio method of medium to high cyclic isomers further verifies that the source of PAHs was petroleum. The range of ILCR ranged was from 2.74×10?10 ~3.30×10?8. Conclusion Cancer risk is at a controlled level and within acceptable limits.