用低营养模型评价鸡蛋营养健康效应及其过度消费 与我国慢性流行病高发的相关性探讨

Evaluation on nutritional and healthy effects of chicken eggs by low-nutritional model and association discussions on high-incidence rate of chronically epidemic diseases due to its overconsumption in China

中文关键词:  食品损益指数及总积分评价体系  鸡蛋  营养健康  功效评价  同型半胱氨酸  慢性病

英文关键词:benefit damage index-general score system  chicken eggs  nutrition and health  functional evaluation  homocysteine  chronic diseases

中文摘要:

      目的 以玉米低营养饲料喂养小鼠为动物模型, 结合建立的食品损益指数及总积分(benifit damage index-general score, BDI-GS)评价体系评价市售普通鸡蛋的营养及健康效应, 并对鸡蛋过度摄取与我国各类慢性流行病不断高发的相关性进行探讨。方法 以线性生长期健康ICR小鼠为研究对象, 空白对照小鼠喂食单纯玉米饲料, 受试物小鼠喂食4.5%、9.0%和13.5%鸡蛋的玉米掺和饲料, 共喂养13 d。于第13 d称重后眼眶取血、处死解剖, 通过统计9项脏器组织重量、系数及其BDI和GS等指标进行评价, 并进行血清生化分析, 以及血液同型半胱氨酸(homocysteine, Hcy)的测试。结果 鸡蛋对机体大部分脏器指标具有营养和有益健康的效应, 主要表现在心肺、胸腺、胰腺和肝肾的重量BDI均高于0.9。鸡蛋摄取能同时显著升高小鼠血糖、血脂及血液Hcy水平, 且具有一定剂量依赖性, 部分指标与空白对照比较具有显著性差异(P<0.05及P<0.01)。高剂量鸡蛋喂养小鼠促进生长发育的营养表现最佳, 但综合健康效应并不明显优于中低剂量组, 表现在累计GSI无明显增高。结论 本研究表明普通鸡蛋具有良好的营养功效, 但健康效应并不理想, 应该归属于高营养低健康效应的普通食材。日常过度消费鸡蛋导致的营养过剩可能是我国相关慢性流行病不断高发重要的膳食风险因子之一。

英文摘要:

      Objective To evaluate the nutritional and healthy effects of commercially available common eggs and the eggs by feeding the mice with low-nutritional diet as an animal model, combined with the established food benefit damage index-general score (BDI-GS) evaluation system, and discuss the relationship between over-intake of eggs and the high incidence of various chronic epidemics in China. Method The healthy ICR mice in the linear growth phase were used as the research object. The blank control mice were fed with pure corn feed, and the test mice were fed with corn blended with 4.5%, 9.0% and 13.5% eggs for 13 d. After body masses weighing at the 13th day, blood samples were taken by orbital way, and the evaluation was performed by weight and indexes of 9 organs and/or tissues statistically analyses, their BDI and GS values calculation; serum biochemical indicators were analyzed, and the serum homocysteine (Hcy) levels were measured. Results The nourishing and healthy indicators were of beneficial effects for the most part organs of body, mainly express in the weight BDI values for heart, lung, thymus, pancreas, liver and kidneys were all above 0.9. Eggs intake could increase blood sugar and lipid levels obviously, and raise the Hcy level in blood of mice significantly, with certain dose-dependence, and part indicators were of statistically significant differences compared with those of the control (P<0.05, P<0.01). The high dose chicken eggs diet fed mice showed the best growth and nourishing performance, but the overall health effects was not obvious superior to that of middle and low dose, which was embodied in only slightly increasing in the integrated GSI values. Conclusions This study shows that common eggs have good nutritional effects, but the healthy effects are not ideal and should be attributed to ordinary ingredients with high nutrition and low health effects. Over-nutrition caused by daily excessive consumption of eggs may be one of the most important dietary risk factors for chronic diseases in China.