北京市平谷区2018年食源性疾病主动监测结果分析

Analysis of proactive monitoring results of food-borne diseases in Pinggu district of Beijing in 2018

中文关键词:  食源性疾病  主动监测  哨点医院  致病微生物  流行病学特征

英文关键词:foodborne disease  proactive surveillance  sentinel hospital  pathogenic microorganism  epidemiological characteristics

中文摘要:

      目的 对北京市平谷区2018年食源性疾病哨点医院的主动监测结果分析, 了解食源性疾病的发病及流行趋势。方法 收集哨点医院主动监测的符合食源性疾病病例定义的347例病人的信息, 对采集的粪便标本进行沙门菌、副溶血性弧菌、致泻性大肠埃希菌、志贺菌、诺如病毒等5种食源性致病微生物的病原学检测。结果 347例食源性疾病患者26~35岁年龄组患者所占的比例最大(32.0%)。疾病发生的场所主要为家庭(80.4%)。在明确的可疑原因食品中, 肉与肉制品所占比例最大(20.7%)。共采集332份患者粪便标本, 检测出致病菌者79例, 检出率23.8%。沙门菌检出率最高(10.2%)、其次为致泻大肠埃希菌(9.6%)。抽取264份标本进行诺如病毒检测, 14份检出阳性, 检出率5.3%。第3季度致病菌检出率高于其他季度, 12、1、2、3月份诺如病毒检出率较高。结论 应加强平谷区食源性疾病的季节性监测, 对易感人群、家庭进行食品卫生知识重点宣传教育, 尤其是肉与肉制品相关知识。

英文摘要:

      Objective To analyze the proactive monitoring results of food borne diseases in sentinel hospitals in Pinggu district of Beijing in 2018, in order to understand the incidence and trend of food borne diseases. Methods Totally 347 cases of patients with food borne diseases were collected from the sentinel hospitals by proactive monitoring, and 5 kinds of food borne pathogenic microbes including Salmonella, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, diarrhoea Escherichia coli, Shigella, and norovirus were detected. Results Among the 347 cases of food borne diseases, the majority of the patients was in the 26-35 age group (32.0%). The majority of the diseases happened at home (80.4%). Meat and meat products accounted for the largest proportion (20.7%) of the dubious food. A total of 332 feces samples were collected from the patients and 79 were found positive in pathogenic bacteria detection with a positive rate of 23.8%. The detection rate of Salmonella was the highest (10.2%), followed by Escherichia coli(9.6%). A total of 264 samples were selected for norovirus detection, and 14 were found positive (5.3%). The third quarter of the year was found had the highest detection rate of pathogenic bacteria and the detection rate of norovirus in December, January, February and March were higher. Conclusion Seasonal monitoring of foodborne diseases in Pinggu district should be strengthened, and food hygiene knowledge should be promoted and educated to susceptible people and families, especially meat and meat products.