杏鲍菇废菌渣代料栽培对草菇营养的影响

Effect of spent Pleurotus eryngii substrates on qualities of Volvariella volvacea

中文关键词:  杏鲍菇  菌渣  草菇  栽培  营养

英文关键词:Pleurotus eryngii  mushroom dregs  Volvariella volvacea  cultivation  nutrition

中文摘要:

      目的 测定杏鲍菇废菌渣代料栽培对草菇营养成分的影响, 探究其在草菇栽培中的应用前景。方法以杏鲍菇栽培废菌渣为草菇培养料, 以(稻草+牛粪)培养的草菇为对照, 测定2组草菇的水分、灰分、膳食纤维、碳水化合物、蛋白质、粗多糖、蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖、矿质元素、氨基酸的含量, 全面比较2组草菇营养价值的差异。结果 在同一管理模式下, 稻草组草菇和菌渣组草菇水分、碳水化合物含量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。菌渣组草菇蛋白质、灰分含量较稻草组草菇分别降低了12.2%、19.6%; 菌渣组草菇膳食纤维、粗多糖、蔗糖、果糖、葡萄糖含量较稻草组草菇分别提高24.1%、17.5%、16.7%、26.0%、88.8%。在矿质元素含量上, 稻草组草菇矿质元素P、K、Fe含量均显著高于菌渣组草菇(P<0.05), 而Ca含量显著低于菌渣组草菇(P<0.05)。稻草组草菇氨基酸总量、必需氨基酸、风味氨基酸、支链氨基酸、芳香族氨基酸含量均显著高于菌渣组草菇(P<0.05), 但占氨基酸总量的比例相近。2组草菇蛋白质中含硫氨基酸含量无显著性差异(P>0.05)。氨基酸评分结果表明, 菌渣组草菇氨基酸营养价值略高于稻草组。结论 杏鲍菇栽培废菌渣替代(稻草+牛粪)栽培草菇是可行的, 可以变“废”为宝, 降低草菇生产成本。

英文摘要:

      Objective To determine the effect of cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii waste slag substitute on the nutrient composition of Volvariella volvacea, and explore its application prospect in Volvariella volvacea cultivation. Methods The waste mushroom residue from the cultivation of Pleurotus eryngii was used as the culture material for Volvariella volvacea, and the Volvariella volvacea cultivated by straw and cow dung was used as the control. The contents of water, ash, dietary fiber, carbohydrate, protein, crude polysaccharide, sucrose, fructose, glucose, mineral elements and amino acids in 2 groups were determined and the nutritional value difference between the 2 groups was compared comprehensively. Results Under the same management mode, there was no significant difference in water and carbohydrate content between straw group and mushroom residue group (P>0.05). The protein and ash content of Volvariella volvacea in the mushroom residue group were 12.2% and 19.6% lower than those in the straw group. Compared with the straw group, the content of dietary fiber, crude polysaccharide, sucrose, fructose and glucose in mushroom residue group were increased by 24.1%, 17.5%, 16.7%, 26.0% and 88.8%, respectively. The contents of mineral elements P, K and Fe in the straw group were significantly higher than those in the mushroom residue group (P<0.05), while the Ca content was significantly lower than that in the mushroom residue group (P<0.05). The total amino acid content, essential amino acids, flavor amino acids, branched chain amino acids and aromatic amino acids of straw group were significantly higher than those of mushroom residue group (P<0.05), but the proportion of total amino acids was similar. There was no significant difference in the content of sulfur-containing amino acids in the protein of the 2 groups of Volvariella volvacea (P>0.05). The amino acid score showed that the amino acid nutritional value of the mushroom residue was slightly higher than that of the straw group. Conclusion It is feasible to cultivate Volvariella volvacea with spent Pleurotus eryngii substrates instead of straw and cow manure, which can turn waste into treasure and reduce the production cost of Volvariella volvacea.