不同构型低聚半乳糖研究进展

Research progress of different structural galacto-oligosaccharides

中文关键词:  低聚半乳糖  生物活性  分离  结构鉴定

英文关键词:galacto-oligosaccharide  bioactivity  separation  structure characterization

中文摘要:

      低聚半乳糖(galacto-oligosaccharides, GOS)是一种公认的益生元, 广泛存在于哺乳动物的乳汁中。GOS是由1~n个半乳糖基和一个终端半乳糖基或葡萄糖基构成的糖。工业上普遍使用的酶法生产出的GOS是由一系列的单糖、反应剩余底物和不同结构的低聚半乳糖共同组成的混合物。由于聚合度和糖苷键连接位点差异, 目前确证的GOS结构有几十种。不同结构的GOS具有不同的化学性质、生物活性、加工稳定性和促使益生菌增长的能力。本文主要综述了在生产过程中影响GOS结构的因素, 不同构型的GOS的生物活性以及GOS混合物的分离和鉴定方法。GOS的构型研究可以帮助特定构型GOS标准品的开发; 优化市售GOS产品的构型组成, 提升其益生价值; 还可以为未来医学药用研究提供依据。

英文摘要:

      Galacto-oligosaccharide (GOS) is recognized as a prebiotic, which widely exists in mammalian milk. GOS is composed of a chain of 1~n galactose units with a terminal glucose or galactose unit. GOS produced by enzymatic method is a mixture of different monosaccharaides, reaction residues and oligosaccharides with different structures. Due to the differences in polymerization degree and position of glycosidic bonds, dozens of GOS have been confirmed. GOS with different structures have different chemical properties, bioactivity, processing stability and the ability to promote the growth of probiotics. This paper reviewed the factors affecting GOS structure, biological activity of GOS with different configurations and the separation method of GOS mixture and their structure characterization. GOS configuration research can help the development of GOS standards, optimize the configuration and composition of GOS products to improve their probiotic value. It can also provide a basis for future medical and medicinal research.