奶牛饲料中多种农药残留调查分析

Survey on multiple pesticides residues in cow feed

中文关键词:  青绿饲料  玉米饲料  青贮饲料  苜蓿饲料  牧草  糟头料  奶牛精料补充料  农药残留

英文关键词:green feed  maize straw  silage feed  alfalfa feed  forage  leftovers  cow concentrate supplement  pesticide residue

中文摘要:

      目的 调查奶牛饲料(青绿饲料、青贮饲料、玉米秸秆、苜蓿饲料、精料补充料、牧草和糟头料)中农药的残留状况。方法 从我国奶牛养殖大省(天津、河北、内蒙古、黑龙江、山东、陕西)中有代表性的牛场抽取饲料检测。采用气相色谱-质谱方法分析样品中的农药残留量。结果 六六六以α异构体形式存在, 未检测到其他异构体; 滴滴涕主要以p,p'-DDT形式存在; 毒死蜱在所有饲料样品中均有检出, 在青绿饲料中检出率达100%; 敌敌畏在玉米饲料中检出率为100%; 氟氯氰菊酯在玉米饲料和精料补充料中的检出率为100%; 溴氰菊酯在青贮饲料、玉米饲料、精料补充料中的检出率均大于80%; 乐果在奶牛饲料中检出率较高。结论 以上检出率情况说明饲料中敌敌畏、DDT、毒死蜱、甲胺磷、氟氯氰菊酯、溴氰菊酯农药污染情况较严重, 生产中应注意控制使用, 加强相关农药残留分析, 尽早制定出饲料中农药使用的相关标准, 加大监管力度。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the pesticide residues in dairy cow feed (green feed, silage feed, corn straw, alfalfa feed, concentrate supplement, forage and leftovers). Methods Feed samples were collected from representative dairy farms in Tianjin, Hebei, Inner Mongolia, Heilongjiang, Shandong and Shaanxi provinces. The pesticide residues in samples were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Results Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) existed in the form of α-HCH and no other isomers were detected, while DDT mainly existed in the form of p,p'-DDT. Chlorpyrifos were detected in all feed samples, the detection rate in green feed was 100%; dichlorvos in corn feed was 100%; cyhalothrin in corn feed and concentrate supplement was 100%; deltamethrin in silage, corn feed and concentrate supplement were more than 80%; the detection rate of dimethoate in dairy cow feed was higher. Conclusion The above detection rates indicate that the pollution of dichlorvos, DDT, chlorpyrifos, methamidophos, deltamethrin pesticides in feed is serious. In production, we should pay attention to control the use of pesticides, strengthen the analysis of pesticide residues, formulate relevant standards for pesticide use in feed as soon as possible, and strengthen supervision.