改进的国标方法测定炒货类食品的可食部分与果壳中铝元素含量及其食用风险性探讨

Determination of aluminum content in edible parts and shell of roasted seeds and nuts by improved national standard method and discussion on its edible risk

中文关键词:  炒货  可食部分  果壳  铝  食用风险性

英文关键词:roasted seeds and nuts  edible parts  shell  aluminum  edible risk

中文摘要:

      目的 研究炒货食品可食部分与果壳中铝元素含量对人体摄入铝水平的影响, 评估人体的食品安全风险暴露水平。方法 采用HNO3+H2O2+HF的酸消解体系进行微波消解前处理, 运用电感耦合等离子体质谱法对炒货食品中可食部分与果壳的铝元素进行检测。通过对比每个样品的2部分数据, 得出风险评估结果。结果 本方法在铝浓度为0~100 μg/L范围内线性良好(r=0.9998), 国家标准物质小麦、辽宁大米、茶叶的检测值都位于定值区间内, 实际样品6次测定的相对标准偏差为3.45%, 检出限为0.1 mg/kg, 定量限为0.3 mg/kg。瓜子、花生、榛子样品的果壳部分铝含量高于可食部分, 松子的果壳部分铝含量要低于可食部分, 开心果的检测结果未发现明显规律性。结论 为避免铝暴露量过高的风险, 在炒货食用方式上, 应注意减少与果壳的过多接触。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the effect of content of aluminum in edible part and shell of roasted seeds and nuts on the level of aluminum in the human body, and to evaluate the level of food safety risk exposure of the human body. Methods The acid digestion system of HNO3+H2O2+HF was used for microwave digestion pretreatment, and the aluminum elements of edible parts and shells in roasted seeds and nuts were detected by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. The risk assessment results were obtained by comparing the two parts of each sample. Results The method had a good linearity in the range of 0-100 μg/L of aluminum (r=0.9998), and the detection values of national standard materials of wheat, Liaoning rice and tea were all within the fixed interval. The relative standard deviation of the actual samples measured for 6 times was 3.45%, the limit of detection was 0.1 mg/kg, and the limit quantitation was 0.3 mg/kg. The content of aluminum in the fruit shell of melon seeds, peanuts and hazelnuts were higher than those in the edible part. The aluminum content in the shell of pine nuts was lower than that in the edible part. No obvious regularity was found in the test results of pistachio. Conclusion In order to avoid the risk of excessive exposure to aluminum, attention should be paid to reducing excessive contact with the shell in the way of roasted seeds and nuts.