白鲢鱼鳔营养成分分析与评价

Analysis and evaluation of the nutritional components in swim bladder of silver carp

中文关键词:  白鲢  鱼鳔  化学组成  营养价值

英文关键词:Hypophthalmichthys molitrix  swim bladder  chemical composition  nutritional value

中文摘要:

      目的 测定并分析白鲢鱼鳔营养成分。方法 通过气相色谱质谱联用(gas chromatography-mass spectrometer, GC-MS)、氨基酸分析等方法对白鲢鱼鳔的基本化学组成、氨基酸和脂肪酸组成及矿物质含量进行测定, 并与其他鱼种的鱼鳔的组成进行比较分析, 评价白鲢鱼鳔的营养价值和开发前景。结果 鱼鳔的粗蛋白含量为20.23%(湿基), 其中主要以胶原蛋白为主。鱼鳔氨基酸中呈味氨基酸(谷氨酸、甘氨酸、天门冬氨酸、丙氨酸)含量丰富。鱼鳔中共检出13种脂肪酸, 其中不饱和脂肪酸占比达66.1%, 饱和脂肪酸、单不饱和脂肪酸和多不饱和脂肪酸的比例接近1:1:1。鱼鳔中维生素E含量为1.63 mg/100 g, 矿物质中钙和锌含量较丰富。结论 白鲢鱼鳔是一种营养丰富的食品资源, 具有很好的开发价值和发展前景。

英文摘要:

      Objective To determine and analyze the nutrient composition of silver carp swim bladder. Methods The content of general nutritional components, the compositions of amino acids and fatty acids, and the content of minerals in the swim bladder of silver carp were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and amino acid automatic analyzer, etc. The composition of silver carp swim bladder was compared with swim bladder of other fish species, and its nutritive value and development prospect were evaluated. Results The crude protein content of swim bladder was 20.23% (wet basis), and the main protein was collagen. The flavor amino acids (glutamic acid, glycine, aspartic acid, and alanine) were abundant in swim bladder. Thirteen fatty acids were detected in swim bladder, and the unsaturated fatty acids content was 66.1%. The ratio of saturated, mono-unsaturated and poly-unsaturated fatty acids was 1:1:1. The content of vitamin E was 1.63 mg/100 g. Furthermore, there was rich in calcium and zinc contents in swim bladder. Conclusion The swim bladder of silver carp is a kind of food resource with high nutritional value, which has good value and prospect for development.