NO对采后果实的保鲜作用及作用机制

Effects and mechanisms of NO on postharvest fruit preservation

中文关键词:  NO  采后  保鲜  果实  信号转导

英文关键词:NO  postharvest  fresh  fruit  signal transduction

中文摘要:

      一氧化氮(nitric oxide, NO)在采后果实保鲜中起着重要的作用, 作为一种生物活性分子, 能抑制果实贮藏过程的呼吸速率, 并影响氧化物质代谢、糖代谢、膜脂过氧化和功能成分积累等, 从而控制果蔬的生长、成熟和抗病性。本文综述了NO对采后果实保鲜的作用, 包括乙烯释放和呼吸速率、氧化物质代谢、糖代谢、膜脂过氧化和功能成分积累等方面; 并探讨了可能参与NO发挥保鲜作用的下游信使, 包括过氧化氢(hydrogen peroxide, H2O2)、促分裂原活化蛋白激酶(mitogen-activated protein kinase, MAPK)、磷脂酶D(phospholipase D, PLD)、Ca2+和环鸟苷酸(guanosine 3’,5’-cyclic phosphate, cGMP)等, 以期为NO应用于采后果实保鲜提供理论依据。后续需进一步探讨其他参与NO发挥保鲜作用的下游信使, 并揭示它们所组成的信号转导通路。

英文摘要:

      Nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in the preservation of postharvest fruits. As a bioactive molecule, NO can inhibit the respiration rate of fruit during storage and affect oxidative metabolism, glucose metabolism, membrane lipids, oxidation and accumulation of functional ingredients, etc., thereby controlling the growth, maturation and disease resistance of fruits and vegetables. This paper reviewed the effects of NO on the preservation of postharvest fruits, including ethylene release and respiration rate, oxidative metabolism, glucose metabolism, membrane lipid peroxidation and accumulation of functional components, and discussed downstream messengers that may be involved in NO preservation, including hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), phospholipase D (PLD), Ca2+ and cyclic guanosine monophosphate (guanosine 3', 5' -cyclic phosphate, cGMP), etc., in order to provide a theoretical basis for the application of NO in postharvest fruit preservation. Subsequent further exploration of other downstream messengers involved in NO preservation plays a role in revealing their signal transduction pathways.