粮食污染物的快速检测技术研究进展

Research progress on rapid analytical methods for toxic and harmful substance in grains

中文关键词:  粮食  真菌毒素  重金属  农药残留

英文关键词:grains  mycotoxin  heavy metal  pesticide residues

中文摘要:

      我国粮食安全的主要污染物包括真菌毒素、重金属和农药残留, 每年由此损失的粮食达几千万吨。为保障人民群众“舌尖上的安全”, 满足我国粮食收购、监管的实际需求, 建立和发展检测粮食中有毒有害物质的有效快速检测技术非常必要。本文系统地介绍了国内外粮食污染物的主要快速检测技术, 包括免疫检测技术、电化学分析方法、X-射线荧光光谱技术、酶抑制法和表面增强拉曼光谱法等。通过对这些快检方法应用及优缺点分析, 以期能为我国粮食污染物的有效监管及检测技术的发展方向提供有价值的参考。

英文摘要:

      Major pollutants in China's food security include mycotoxins, heavy metals and pesticide residues, resulting in losses of tens of millions of tons of food each year. In order to guarantee the "safety on the tip of one's tongue" and meet the actual needs of grain purchase and supervision in China, it is necessary to establish and develop effective and rapid detection technology for toxic and hazardous substances in grain. This paper systematically introduced the main rapid detection techniques of food contaminants at home and abroad, including immunological detection, electrochemical analysis, X-ray fluorescence, enzyme inhibition and surface enhancement Raman spectroscopy. Through the application of these methods and the analysis of their advantages and disadvantages, it is expected to provide valuable reference for the effective supervision and detection of food contaminants in China.