灵芝多糖不同提取方式的比较研究

Comparative study on different extraction methods of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide

中文关键词:  灵芝  多糖  提取得率  抗氧化能力  结构表征

英文关键词:Ganoderma lucidum  polysaccharide  extraction yield  antioxidant ability  structure characterization

中文摘要:

      目的 比较5种不同提取方式所得灵芝粗多糖的提取得率、理化性质、抗氧化活性, 确定最优提取方式。方法 采用热水浸提法、超声清洗辅助提取法、超声破碎提取法、微波辅助提取法、酶辅助提取法提取灵芝粗多糖, 可分别表示为H-GLP、U1-GLP、U2-GLP、M-GLP、E-GLP, 苯酚-硫酸法测定总糖含量、二硝基水杨酸(dinitrosalicylic acid, DNS)法测定还原糖含量, 比较对2,2-二(4-叔辛基苯基)-1-苦肼基自由基(DPPH?)清除活性, 羟自由基(?OH)清除活性和还原力大小, 分析抗氧化活性, 以傅里叶红外光谱仪(fourier transform infrared spectrometer, FT-IR)和高效阴离子交换色谱(high performance anion exchange chromatography, HPAEC-PAD)进行结构表征。结果 5种提取方式提取得率的大小排列顺序为: M-GLP>E-GLP>U2-GLP> H-GLP>U1-GLP, 其中M-GLP的提取得率最高为3.98%, 其多糖含量为46.80%, 还原糖含量为5.36%。5种方式提取所得粗多糖都体现出一定的抗氧化活性, M-GLP具有较强DPPH?清除活性, U2-GLP具有较强的羟自由基清除活性, 十分接近阳性对照。结论 微波辅助提取法在提取得率和抗氧化活性都优于其他提取方式, 值得进一步开发与利用。

英文摘要:

      Objective To compare the extraction yield, physicochemical properties and antioxidant activity of crude polysaccharides from Ganoderma lucidum in 5 different extraction methods, and determine the optimal extraction method. Methods Polysaccharide were extracted from Ganoderma lucidum by hot water extraction method, ultrasonic cleaning assisted extraction method, ultrasonic broken extraction method, microwave assisted extraction method and enzyme assisted extraction method, and the extracts were represented as H-GLP, U1-GLP, U2-GLP, M-GLP, E-GLP, respectively. The total sugar content was determined by phenol-sulfuric acid method, and the content of reducing sugar was determined by dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method. The 2,2-bis(4-tert-octylphenyl)- 1-picrylyl radical (DPPH?) scavenging activity, hydroxyl radical (?OH) scavenging activity, and the reducing power were compared to analyze the antioxidant activity. The structure was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer (FT-IR) and high performance anion exchange chromatography (HPAEC-PAD). Results The order of extraction yield of the five extraction methods was as follow: M-GLP>E-GLP>U2-GLP>H-GLP>U1-GLP. M-GLP had the highest extraction yield of 3.98%, its polysaccharide content was 46.80%, and reducing sugar content was 5.36%. The crude polysaccharides extracted by 5 methods all showed certain antioxidant activity. M-GLP had strong DPPH? scavenging activity, and U2-GLP had strong hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, which were very close to the positive control. Conclusion Microwave-assisted extraction method is superior to other extraction methods in extraction yield and antioxidant activity, which deserves further development and utilization.