河北省典型菜田蔬菜重金属风险评估

Risk assessment of heavy metal in typical vegetable fields in Hebei province

中文关键词:  风险评估  重金属  蔬菜  河北省

英文关键词:risk assessment  heavy metals  vegetables  Hebei province

中文摘要:

      目的 评估河北省蔬菜重金属风险现状。方法 采集河北省主要典型菜田的12种蔬菜194个样品, 并测定蔬菜可食部位中铜、锌、镉、铅、铬、汞、砷7种元素的含量。采用单因子污染指数评价法和综合污染指数法对该地区蔬菜重金属进行风险评估, 并运用靶标危害系数法(target hazard quotients, THQ)评估重金属污染对于人体健康状况的影响。结果 根据国家食品卫生限量标准, 仅有5%的西红柿铅超标存在潜在风 险, 其余蔬菜均在限量范围内。单因子污染指数评价法和综合污染指数法结果均显示所有蔬菜污染指数均小于0.7, 均为优良。不同种类的蔬菜重金属污染顺序为: 叶菜类>果实类>根菜类。采用靶标危害系数法评价的结果表明所有蔬菜的THQ的值均小于1, 对人类健康造成的风险不明显, 其中叶菜类蔬菜的THQ较高。 结论 总体来看, 河北省蔬菜重金属污染均在国家标准范围内, 样品经评价后结果均为优良。叶菜类蔬菜对于重金属的富集能力强于果菜类和根菜类, 综合污染指数相对较大。

英文摘要:

      Objective To assess the current status of heavy metal risks in vegetables in Hebei province. Methods A total of 194 samples of 12 kinds of vegetables in the main typical vegetable fields in Hebei province were collected, and the contents of 7 elements of copper, zinc, cadmium, lead, chromium, mercury and arsenic in the edible parts of vegetables were determined. The single factor pollution index evaluation method and the comprehensive pollution index method were used to evaluate the risk of heavy metals in vegetables in the region, and the target hazard quotients method (THQ) was used to evaluate the impact of heavy metal pollution on human health. Results According to the national food hygiene limit standard, only the content of lead of 5% of the tomatoes exceed the standard, which had a potential risk, and the rests of the vegetables were within the limited range. The results of single factor pollution index method and comprehensive pollution index method showed that pollution indexes of all vegetable were less than 0.7, which were all good. The order of heavy metal pollution of different kinds of vegetables was leafy vegetables>fruits>root vegetables. The results of THQ evaluation showed that the THQ values of all vegetables were less than 1, the risk to human health was not obvious, and the THQ of leafy vegetables was higher. Conclusion In general, the heavy metal pollution of vegetables in Hebei province is within the national standard, and the results of the samples are excellent after evaluation. Leafy vegetables have stronger enrichment ability for heavy metals than fruit vegetables and root vegetables, and the comprehensive pollution index is relatively large.