2015~2016年河北省贝类水产品中诺如病毒污染状况研究

Investigation on Norovirus contamination of shellfish in Hebei province in 2015-2016

中文关键词:  诺如病毒  贝类  实时荧光逆转录聚合酶链式反应  食品污染物

英文关键词:Norovirus  shellfish  real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction  food contaminants

中文摘要:

      目的 对2015~2016年河北省6个设区市的市售牡蛎、海虹、血蚶样品中的诺如病毒进行连续一年的检测, 了解河北省贝类水产品中诺如病毒污染状况。方法 分离贝类水产品消化腺, 用蛋白酶K消化后进行前处理, 提取RNA, 用一步法实时荧光逆转录聚合酶链式反应法检测GⅠ型和GⅡ型诺如病毒。对河北省贝类水产品的诺如病毒污染状况进行分析。结果 共采集691份贝类样品进行检测, 其中仅检出GⅠ型阳性样品16份, 阳性率2.32%; 仅检出GⅡ型阳性样品22份, 阳性率3.18%; 同时检出GⅠ和GⅡ型的阳性样品4份, 阳性率0.58%; 总阳性率6.08%。2016年6~7月阳性率最高。沿海地区样品阳性率为内陆地区的2.35倍, 有统计学差异(χ2=8.58, P<0.01)。结论 河北省市售贝类水产品中部分存在诺如病毒污染, 需要加强对贝类水产品的诺如病毒污染检测和控制, 特别是沿海地区, 降低诺如病毒引起的食源性腹泻的疾病负担。

英文摘要:

      Objective To understand Norovirus contamination status of shellfish in Hebei province by carrying out detection on Norovirus contamination in oysters, mussels and blood clams in 6 cities in Hebei province from 2015 to 2016. Methods The digestive glands of the shellfish were separated and digested with protease K. RNA was extracted after pretreatment, and the one step real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (real time RT-PCR) was used to detect GⅠ and GⅡ type of Norovirus. Norovirus contamination status of shellfish in Hebei province was analyzed. Results A total of 691 shellfish samples were collected, including 16 GⅠpositive samples, 22 GⅡ positive samples and 4 samples with both GⅠ and GⅡ type of Norovirus, with the positive rate of 2.32%, 3.18% and 0.58%, respectively, and the total positive rate was 6.08%. The highest pollution situation turned up in June to July in 2016. The positive rate of samples in coastal areas was 2.35 times as that of inland areas. There was a statistically significant difference (χ2=8.58, P<0.01). Conclusion Shellfish sold in Hebei province is found of Norovirus contamination. It is necessary to strengthen the detection and control of Norovirus contamination of shellfish, especially the coastal areas, and reduce the burden of the disease of foodborne gastroenteritis caused by Norovirus.