细菌性痢疾流行情况及其检测技术进展

Epidemic situation of bacillary dysentery and progress in its detection technology

中文关键词:  细菌性痢疾  食源性疾病  流行病学特点  志贺菌  检测技术

英文关键词:bacillary dysentery  foodborne disease  epidemiological characteristics  Shigella  detection technology

中文摘要:

      细菌性痢疾作为一种食源性疾病, 是《中华人民共和国传染病防治法》规定的乙类传染病, 多年来一直位于我国传染性疾病前列。本文通过分析国家卫生和计划生育委员会的2017 年的统计数据, 得出细菌性痢疾发病高峰期集中在6、7、8 月的结论, 并结合一些地区的历年数据阐述了细菌性痢疾的流行病学特点, 分析了细菌性痢疾的发病的季节、地区和年龄分布情况。细菌性痢疾的致病菌主要是志贺菌, 目前对于志贺菌的检测技术除了国家标准方法(GB/T 4789.5-2012)外, 主要还有分子生物学、免疫学方法等, 本文分析了这些方法的优缺点。

英文摘要:

      Bacillary dysentery, as a foodborne disease, is a class B infectious disease stipulated by the law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Treatment of Infectious Diseases. It has been in the forefront of infectious diseases in China for many years. This paper analyzed the statistical data of national health and Family Planning Commission in 2017, the incidence of bacillary dysentery peak concentration at 6,7,8 months. Combining historical data in some areas described the epidemiological characteristics of bacillary dysentery, analysis of bacillary dysentery season, region and age distribution. The pathogenic bacteria of bacillary dysentery is Shigella. Currently, the detection technology of Shigella is mainly in molecular biology and immunology methods besides the national standard method (GB/T4789.5-2012). The advantages and disadvantages of these methods were analyzed in this paper.