海参多糖制备、化学分析及生物活性研究进展

Research progress on preparation, chemical analysis and biological activity of sea cucumber polysaccharide

中文关键词:  海参多糖  制备  结构  生物活性

英文关键词:sea cucumber polysaccharide  preparation  structure  biological activity

中文摘要:

      海参是我国传统保健品, 具有极高的保健及营养价值, 也是海洋功能食品的重要研究对象。海参多糖作为海参的重要活性成分之一, 具有抗高血脂症、抗氧化、抗凝血、抗肿瘤、提升免疫力等多种生物活性。海参多糖的研究主要集中在海参体壁, 体壁多糖包括海参硫酸软骨素和海参盐藻聚糖硫酸脂2 种组分。本文主要综述海参多糖的2 种常用提取方法(化学水解法和酶解法)、3 种分离纯化方法(沉淀法、色谱法和膜分离法)、化学组成分析及其检测方法、结构鉴定方法和4 种主要的生物活性(抗高脂血症、抗氧化、抗凝血能力、抗肿瘤活性), 为海参功能食品的开发提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Sea cucumber is the traditional nutrition of our country, which has extremely high health and nutrition value, and it is also an important research object of marine functional food. As one of the important active ingredients of sea cucumber, sea cucumber polysaccharide has various biological activities such as anti-hyperlipidemia, antioxidation, anticoagulant blood, anti-tumor and immunity enhancement. The study of sea cucumber polysaccharide mainly focused on the body wall of sea cucumber, and the body wall polysaccharide includes 2 kinds of components:chondroitin sulfate and sea cucumbers. This paper reviewed 2 commonly used sea cucumber polysaccharide extraction method (chemical hydrolysis and enzymatic hydrolysis), 3 kinds of purification methods (precipitation and membrane separation and chromatography), chemical composition analysis and detection methods, the structure identification method and 4 main biological activity (hyperlipidemia, anti-oxidation, anticoagulant resistance,antitumor activity), in order to provide reference for the development of sea cucumber functional food.