吡咯里西啶生物碱及茶叶中的来源分析

Pyrrolizidine alkaloids and its source analysis in tea

中文关键词:  吡咯里西啶生物碱  植物分布  茶叶  检测方法

英文关键词:pyrrolizidine alkaloids  plant distribution  tea  detection methods

中文摘要:

      吡咯里西啶生物碱(pyrrolizidine alkaloids, PAs)是一类广泛存在自然界中的植物生物碱。其代谢产物对人和动物肝脏有高毒性, 能够引起静脉闭塞性疾病, 严重时具有致死作用。茶叶本身并不含有PAs, 但最近出口欧盟的个别茶样被检测到含有PAs, 同时一些花草茶及饮料茶中也检测到吡咯里西啶生物碱的存在。本文从吡咯里西啶生物碱的结构、毒性研究结果出发, 分析了PAs植物种类, 也对植物样品中PAs的分析方法及组分分析进展进行介绍。结合我国茶园杂草种类的鉴定结果, 发现我国茶园的主要杂草中含有PAs植物, 如一点红、胜红蓟、千里光、猪屎豆等。茶叶PAs污染风险主要来自于茶园杂草, 人工采摘加工的茶叶不存在PAs污染。

英文摘要:

      Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are a kind of plant alkaloid widely found in nature. Its metabolites are highly toxic to human and animal liver, which can cause intravenous occlusive disease, and can cause death in severe cases. Tea plant does not contain the PAs, but recently pyrrolizidine alkaloids have been detected in some Chinese tea samples exported to the European Union, at the same time, pyrrolizidine alkaloids were detected in some herbal tea and beverages. Based on the study of the structure and toxicity of pyrrolidine alkaloids, the species of PAs were analyzed. The analysis methods and component analysis of the PAs in plant samples were also introduced. In combination with the identification of weed species in China's tea garden, it is found that the main weeds in Chinese tea garden contain the PAs plants, such as Emilia sonchifolia, Ageratum conyzoides, Senecio scandens and Crotalaria pallida. Tea pollution risk is mainly in the tea garden weed, and all kinds of hand-plucking famous high-quality teas don’t have any PAs pollution risk.