3种植物生长调节剂在京津冀地区主要瓜果类蔬菜中的残留动态及安全风险评价

Residual dynamics and safety risk assessment of three plant growth regulators in main melon and fruit vegetables in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region

中文关键词:  植物生长调节剂  京津冀  瓜果类蔬菜  残留动态  风险评价

英文关键词:plant growth regulators  Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei  melon and fruit vegetables  residue dynamics  risk assessment

中文摘要:

      目的 研究京津冀地区主要瓜果类蔬菜(黄瓜、番茄、甜瓜和茄子等)中的植物生长调节剂残留动态并评价其安全风险。方法 调查京津冀地区主要瓜果类蔬菜植物生长调节剂的使用状况, 并对京津冀地区12个区县保护地蔬菜产区随机选取的120份样品, 进行2,4-D、氯吡脲和4-CPA 3种植物生长调节剂的测定。结果 氯吡脲、2,4-D和4-CPA 3种植调剂在黄瓜和番茄样品中均未检出或在检测限以下; 在唐山乐亭茄子样品2,4-D残留量检出为7.15 μg/kg, 唐山乐亭甜瓜氯吡脲残留量为1.01 μg/kg, 均低于国家标准中的最高残留限量。氯吡脲、2,4-D和4-CPA在黄瓜和番茄模拟残留动态研究结果表明, 推荐浓度的氯吡脲在黄瓜上施用7 d后残留量为2.25 μg/kg, 低于国家最高残留限量标准(0.1 mg/kg); 推荐浓度的2,4-D和4-CPA在番茄上施用后30 d后残留量分别为225.6 μg/kg(低于国家最高残留限量标准0.5 mg/kg)和43.1 μg/kg(低于美国限量标准0.05 mg/kg)。结论 根据调查和模拟试验结果, 3种植物生长调节剂在京津冀地区4种蔬菜上不存在安全风险, 并提出了降低风险的合理性建议。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the residual dynamics of plant growth regulators residues in main fruits and vegetables (cucumber, tomato, muskmelon and eggplant, etc.) in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and to evaluate their safety risks. Methods The use of the growth regulators in main melon and fruit vegetables in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region was investigated. A total of 120 samples were randomly selected from the vegetable producing areas of 12 districts and counties in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and the contents of the growth regulators of forchlorfenuron, 2,4-D and 4-CPA were determined. Results The results showed that forchlorfenuron, 2,4-D and 4-CPA were not detected in cucumber and tomato samples or under the detection limits. The residual amount of 2,4-D in eggplant in Tangshan Leting was detected as 7.15 μg/kg, and the residual amount of clopidocarbamide in Tangshan Leting was 1.01 μg/kg, which were all below the national standard maximum residue limits. Residue dynamic simulation results of forchlorfenuron, 2,4-D and 4-CPA in cucumber and tomato showed that the residual amount of forchlorfenuron in cuccumber was 2.25 μg/kg after 7 d with recommended concentration, which was lower than the national maximum residue limit (0.1 mg/kg), and the residual amounts of 2,4-D and 4-CPA in tomato were 225.6 μg/kg and 43.1 μg/kg after 30 d with recommended concentrations, which were lower than the maximum residue limit of 0.5 mg/kg and the limit of 0.05 mg/kg of USA, respectively. Conclusion According to the results of the investigation and simulation test, there is no risk of three kinds of plant growth regulators in four kinds of vegetables in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, and some reasonable proposals to reduce the risk are put forward.