不同剂量60Co γ辐照对蓝莓果实贮藏品质的影响

Effects of different doses of 60Co γ irradiation on storage quality of blueberry fruits

中文关键词:  蓝莓果实  60Co γ辐照  微生物  感官评价

英文关键词:blueberry fruits  60Co γ irradiation  microorganisms  sensory evaluation

中文摘要:

      目的 探索60Co γ辐照处理对蓝莓果实保鲜效果的影响。方法 采用不同的辐照剂量处理“蓝丰”蓝莓, 以辐照的蓝莓为研究对象, 研究其果实表面微生物的种类和数量、果实腐烂率和硬度、以及相关感官品质在冷藏期间的变化规律。结果 辐照处理对蓝莓果实表面微生物有很好的杀灭和抑制作用, 辐照剂量越高, 效果越好, 且微生物对辐照剂量的敏感程度依次为: 细菌＞霉菌＞酵母菌。0.5 kGy的辐照处理对冷藏期间蓝莓果实保鲜效果不明显(P>0.05), 3.0 kGy的辐照处理能够加速冷藏后期蓝莓的腐烂变质, 适当的辐照剂量(1.0~2.5 kGy)能够很好地降低腐烂率, 保持果实硬度和保护果实感官品质, 其中2.5 kGy辐照剂量对蓝莓果实的保鲜效果最佳, 贮藏35 d后, 果实腐烂率最低(3.35%), 果实硬度最高(1.08 kg/cm2)。结论 辐照保鲜蓝莓的最低有效剂量为1.0 kGy, 最高耐受剂量为2.5 kGy, 本研究为蓝莓的辐照保鲜提供了应用基础和科学依据。

英文摘要:

      Objective To investigate the effect of 60Co γ irradiation on the preservation of blueberry fruits. Methods “Bluecrop” blueberries were treated with different doses of irradiation, and irradiated blueberry fruits were selected as the research objects. The variation of species and quantity of microorganism, decay rate and hardness, as well as changes of the related sensory quality of the fruits during cold storage were investigated. Results Irradiation treatment could kill and inhibit the surface microorganisms of blueberry fruits. The higher the irradiation dose, the better the effect. The sensitivity of microorganisms to radiation dose was as follows: bacteria > fungi > yeast. The 0.5 kGy irradiation dose on the fresh-keeping effect of blueberry fruits during cold storage was not obvious (P>0.05), 3 kGy irradiation dose could accelerate the decay and deterioration of blueberry fruits during cold storage, and proper irradiation doses (1.0~2.5 kGy) could effectively reduce the decay rate, keep fruit hardness and protect the organoleptic quality of blueberry fruits. The 2.5 kGy irradiation dose had the best preservation effect on blueberry fruits, the fruit decay rate was the lowest (3.35%) and the fruit hardness was the highest (1.08 kg/cm2) after 35 d storage. Conclusion The minimum effective dose of irradiated blueberry fruits is 1 kGy, and the maximum tolerated dose is 2.5 kGy, which provides an applied basis and scientific basis for the irradiation preservation of blueberry fruits.