2015年我国食源性副溶血性弧菌毒力基因及 耐药特征研究

Virulence and antimicrobial characteristics of foodborne Vibrio parahaemolyticus strains in China in 2015

中文关键词:  副溶血性弧菌  毒力  耐药  食品

英文关键词:Vibrio parahaemolyticus  virulence  antimicrobial  food

中文摘要:

      目的 探究我国2015年食源性副溶血性弧菌毒力基因分布情况和耐药特征。方法 通过聚合酶链式反应, 研究1046株副溶血性弧菌携带毒力基因tlh、tdh和trh情况, 并采用微量肉汤稀释法, 测定副溶血性弧菌对氨苄西林、阿莫西林/克拉维酸、头孢唑林、头孢噻肟、头孢他啶、亚胺培南、庆大霉素、四环素、环丙沙星、左氧沙星、氯霉素、复方新诺明等抗生素的敏感性。结果 1046株食源性副溶血性弧菌中有965株(92.3%)对一种或多种抗生素耐药, 总耐药率为92.2%。全部菌株对庆大霉素和左氧氟沙星敏感, 对其余10种抗生素有不同程度耐药, 耐药率最高的前3位抗生素分别为头孢唑林(85.4%)、氨苄西林(59.4%)、阿莫西林/克拉维酸(49.3%)。1046株副溶血性弧菌全部携带tlh基因, 其中19株(1.8%)trh基因阳性, 4株(0.4%)tdh基因阳性。毒力基因阳性的所有菌株均未发现多重耐药现象, 部分毒力基因阳性菌株对青霉素类和第一代头孢类抗生素耐药。结论 我国2015年食源性副溶血性弧菌毒力基因携带率较低, 对第一代头孢类和青霉素类抗生素耐药率较高; 水产养殖地区应在养殖环节加强抗生素的管理并规范使用。

英文摘要:

      Objective To evaluate virulence distribution and antimicrobial resistance of Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from food in China in 2015. Methods A polymerase chain reaction method was used to detect virulence genes of tlh, tdh and trh. The susceptibility of 1046 isolates of Vibrio parahaemolyticus to 12 antibiotics were determined by a broth microdilution susceptibility test. The antibiotics of ampicillin, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, cefazolin, cefotaxime, ceftazidime, imipenem, gentamicin, tetracycline, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, chloramphenico and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole were chosen. Results Totally 965 strains (92.2%) presented resistance to single or multiple antibiotics. All strains were sensitive to gentamicin and levofloxacin, and presented resistance to other antibiotics. The highest resistance rates were cefazolin (85.4%), ampicillin (59.4%) and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (49.3%). All the 1046 isolates were positive to tlh gene, including 19 isolates were positive to trh gene and 4 isolates were positive to tdh gene. All the positive strains were not resistance to multiple antibiotics, and some of them were resistance to penicillins and the first-generation cephalosporin. Conclusion There is a lower positive rate of virulence genes in Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from food in China in 2015, though with a higher resistance rate to penicillins and the first-generation cephalosporin antibiotics. There is an urgent need to strengthen the management and standardization of antibiotics in a breeding process in the farming areas.