食品过敏原标签要求及生产过程控制初探

Preliminary study on food labeling requirements of allergens and their process control

中文关键词:  食品过敏  食品安全  过敏原标签  生产控制

英文关键词:food allergy  food safety  allergen label  process control

中文摘要:

      食品过敏已成为世界关注的重大公共卫生学和食品安全问题。食品过敏原是引起食品过敏的直接诱因, 具有耐加工和交叉反应的特性。国际食品法典委员会(Codex Alimentarius Commission, CAC)规定了必须在食品标签中标注的8种可能引起过敏反应的食品及其配料, 包括含有麸质的谷类、甲壳动物及其制品、鸡蛋及其制品、鱼类及其制品、花生、大豆及其制品、奶和奶制品(包括乳糖)、坚果及其制品、浓度不低于10 mg/kg的亚硫酸盐。欧盟、美国、日本、澳大利亚和新西兰等已根据国际食品法典委员会对过敏原的要求出台强制性标识食品过敏原的法规, 这在一定程度上对我国出口食品企业造成了影响。本文通过对比CAC以及欧盟、中国、美国、日本、澳大利亚和新西兰等地有关过敏原标签的要求, 提醒出口食品加工企业减少因标签不合格造成的经济损失, 并为其在生产加工过程中过敏原的控制提出建议。

英文摘要:

      Food allergy has become a major concerned issue of public hygiene and food safety worldwide. Food allergens, which directly induce food allergy symptom, have the characteristics of resistance to process and intercross reaction. The Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC) stipulated that 8 kinds of food ingredients, which could cause allergic reactions, must be marked on food labels, including cereals containing gluten, crustacean animals, eggs, fish and its products, peanut, soybean and soybean products, milk and dairy products (including lactose), sulfite nuts and their products, sulfites with concentration of 10 mg/kg or more. According to the requirements of CAC on labeling of food allergens, the compulsory acts on food allergens were established in European Union (EU), United States, Japan, Australia and New Zealand, respectively, which affected the food export of Chinese enterprises. By comparing the requirements on food allergen label in different regions and countries, some suggestions were provided on allergen control for the export enterprises, and advised them to confirm the regulation on labeling food allergens from the import countries to avoid economic loss.