延边地区2011~2015年食品中食源性致病菌的监测

Monitoring of foodborne pathogens in food of Yanbian region from 2011 to 2015

中文关键词:  食品污染  食品安全  食源性致病菌  监测

英文关键词:food contamination  food safety  foodborne pathogens  monitoring

中文摘要:

      目的 了解延边地区2011~2015年食品中主要食源性致病菌的污染状况, 确定高危食品, 为预防和控制食源性疾病提供科学依据。方法 利用国标方法及《2013年国家食品污染物和有害因素风险监测工作手册》对2011~2015年在延边地区采集的1069份食品样品进行沙门氏菌、单核细胞增生李斯特菌、金黄色葡萄球菌、铜绿假单胞菌和蜡样芽孢杆菌等的监测。结果 1069份样品中共检出致病菌115株, 总检出率为10.76%。熟肉制品、生食动物性水产品、凉拌菜、熟制米面制品、婴幼儿食品、乳及乳制品、速冻米面制品、特殊膳食用食品、饮用水、三明治以及流动早餐样品的致病菌检出率分别为17.65% (3/17)、15.79% (3/19)、11.76% (4/34)、34.48% (10/29)、33.80% (24/71)、40.00% (12/30)、6.67% (1/15)、42.86% (6/14)、58.33% (7/12)、10.00% (1/10)和71.43% (10/14); 其中2013年的总体检出率最高, 达6.83%, 其次是2012年, 达1.87%。结论 乳及乳制品、特殊膳食用食品、饮用水和流动早餐是延边地区的主要污染食品, 作为直接入口食品的熟肉制品、凉拌菜、熟制米面制品和婴幼儿食品可能导致较高的食源性疾病风险。

英文摘要:

      Objective To understand the contamination situation of major foodborne pathogens in food of Yanbian region from 2011 to 2015 and identify the high-risk foods, so as to provide scientific evidences for the prevention and control of foodborne diseases. Methods The Salmonella, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Bacillus cereus in 1069 food samples of Yanbian region from 2011 to 2015 were monitored according to the national standard method and Manual for China national food contamination and harmful factors risk monitoring in 2013. Results In 1069 samples, 115 strains of pathogenic bacteria were detected and the total detection rate was 10.76%. The pathogen detection rates in cooked meat products, raw animal aquatic products, salad, cooked rice products, infant foods, milk and dairy products, frozen rice products, food for special dietary uses, drinking water, breakfast sandwiches and flows breakfast were 17.65% (3/17), 15.79% (3/19), 11.76% (4/34), 34.48% (10/29), 33.80% (24/71), 40.00% (12/30), 6.67% (1/15), 42.86% (6/14), 58.33% (7/12), 10.00% (1/10) and 71.43% (10/14), respectively. The highest total physical examination rate was in 2013 and it reached 6.83%, followed by 2012, up to 1.87%. Conclusion The main contaminated food in Yanbian region were milk and dairy products, food for special dietary uses, drinking water and flows breakfast. As direct entry foods, cooked meat, salad, cooked rice products and infant foods may result in a higher risk of foodborne diseases.