基于分子生物学技术检测食物过敏原的研究进展

Research progress on food allergen detection based on molecular biology technology

中文关键词:  食物过敏原  酶联免疫吸附法  PCR  实时荧光定量PCR  环介导等温扩增技术  生物芯片

英文关键词:食物过敏原  酶联免疫吸附法  PCR  实时荧光定量PCR  环介导等温扩增技术  生物芯片

中文摘要:

      食物过敏现象越来越普遍, 已经严重影响了部分人群的生活质量甚至危及生命, 国际上有关食物过敏事件的报道屡见不鲜。如何快速、准确、高通量、低成本地检测食物中的过敏原成分, 已成为监管部门和食品企业的关注焦点。本文综述了以酶联免疫吸附法、PCR法、实时荧光定量PCR法、环介导等温扩增技术及生物芯片技术为主的几种分子生物学检测技术检测食物过敏原的方法, 并对这几种方法的准确性、重复性等进行比较, 探讨了食品中过敏原检测方法的发展前景。与传统过敏原检测方法相比, 现行生物芯片技术具有高通量、对单一样品同时检测多种过敏原成分的特点, 将成为一种新颖有效的过敏原检测工具。

英文摘要:

      As the incidence of food allergy increased, food allergy has seriously affected the living quality and life safety of some people, which has become common in international reports. The rapid and accurate detection of food allergen with low cost and high volume has gained tremendous attention by governmental supervision departments and food industries. This paper introduced several molecular biology technologies of food allergen detection, including enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), PCR, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) and biochip technique, and compared the accuracy and repeatability of these methods. Meanwhile, the future development prospects were also discussed. Compared with the traditional allergen detection methods, the current biochip technology has the advantages of high volume and detecting different allergen ingredients for a signal sample at the same time, which will become a novel and effective tool for detection of allergen.