食品安全风险治理中公众参与的制度设计

System design on public participation in food safety risk governance

中文关键词:  食品安全  风险治理  信任危机  公众参与

英文关键词:food safety  risk governance  trust crisis  public participation

中文摘要:

      当下食品安全的信任危机极其严重, 提升公众对行政机关风险决定的信任非常必要。风险治理中是否非得有公众参与, 不同的国家有着不同的公众参与模式。鉴于我国当下的实际情况, 建议分两种情况进行制度设计, 即否定风险存在的风险决定需要公众参与和肯定风险存在的风险决定公众可以不必参与。这样的制度设计一方面是防止因公众参与而导致风险决定不能及时发布, 另一方面也防止行政机关在否定风险时而不考虑公众的意见, 单方作出风险决定。因此, 本文从食品安全风险治理中公众参与的必要性、有效性的检测和制度选择3个方面进行综述, 通过了解我国食品安全风险治理中公众参与制度的现状, 为食品安全风险治理中公众参与制度的设计和完善提供理论依据。

英文摘要:

      The trust crisis of food safety is extremely serious, and it is necessary to enhance the public trust on the risk decision of the administrative organs. Many countries have different modes of public participation regarding whether to have public participation in the risk management. In view of the present actual situation of our country, it can be divided into two kinds of modes as follows. It is not necessary that the public should participate in affirmative risk decision because administrative organs can make risk decision timely, and in the other hand it is necessary that the public can participate in negative risk decision because it can prevent the administrative organs from failing to take into account the public opinion. Therefore, the necessity, the effectiveness of the detection and selection system of public participation in food safety risk governance were reviewed to introduce the current situation of system of public participation of food safety risk governance in this article, which provided the theory basis for design and improvement of public participation in food safety risk governance.