食品中硝基呋喃类代谢物检测方法研究进展

Progress on determination methods of nitrofuran metabolites in foods

中文关键词:  硝基呋喃类代谢产物  前处理  检测

英文关键词:nitrofuran metabolites  pretreatment  detection

中文摘要:

      硝基呋喃类药物作为一种广谱抗生素, 因其价格便宜、抗菌效果好等特点, 曾作为饲料添加剂和治疗药物被广泛应用于畜牧业生产。但由于强毒性和致畸致癌致突变等毒副作用, 对食品安全产生威胁, 欧盟、日本和中国等国已严令禁止使用。早期研究侧重于对原型药残留的检测, 近年来国内外学者对硝基呋喃类药物的代谢产物3-氨基-2-唑烷基酮(AOZ)、5-甲基吗啉-3-氨基-2-唑烷基酮(AMOZ)、氨基脲(SEM)和1-氨基-2-内酰脲(AHD)检测方法研究逐渐增多, 这类代谢产物易与蛋白质结合后稳定残留且难降解, 检测前处理繁琐, 给检测带来极大的困难。本文主要综述了硝基呋喃类药物种类、检测前处理方法和当前最新的检测方法, 并简述对该类药物代谢产物检测的展望。

英文摘要:

      Nitrofuran antibiotics, as a kind of broad spectrum antibiotics, were widely used in livestock animals as feed additives and therapeutic drugs because of their low-price and good antibacterial effects. Due to their intense toxicity and carcinogenic effect, they caused a great threat to the food safety, and many countries including European Union, Japan and China had prohibited to use it. Early researches mainly focused on the detection of prototype drug residuals, but recent years, more and more researchers had studied the detection of nitrofuran metabolites (AOZ, AMOZ, SEM and AHD), which could easily combine with protein and hardly degrade, and its complicated pretreatment brought difficulties to monitor. This review summarized the variety, pretreatment and the detection methods of nitrofuran antibiotics. The technologies of determination of nitrofuran antibiotics metabolites were also expected.