阿维菌素对水生动物的毒性效应及残留检测 研究进展

Toxicity effects of abamectin to aquatic animals and its residue detection methods

中文关键词:  阿维菌素  水生动物  毒性效应  残留检测

英文关键词:abamectin  aquatic animal  toxicity effect  residue detection

中文摘要:

      阿维菌素类药物(avermectins, AVMs)是一组大环内酯类化合物, 因具有广谱、高效等特点而被广泛应用于农牧业中。阿维菌素(abamectin, ABM)是该类药物中最为常用的药物之一, 近年来多被用于水产养殖中。然而ABM对水生动物的毒性较大, 如若使用不当, 会对水生生物及渔业生态环境造成不利影响。本文综述了ABM对水生动物的毒性作用, 以及在水生动物中的富集代谢、检测方法与最大残留限量(MRL)等, 建议进一步加强ABM对水生动物的毒性机制研究, 并结合ABM在环境的降解规律, 探讨ABM及其降解产物对水生动物的影响, 为在水产养殖中合理使用该种药物和深入开展相关研究提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Avermectins (AVMs) are macrocyclic lactones with broad spectrum and high activity, which are applied worldwide in agriculture and animal husbandry. Abamectin (ABM) is one of the most common active compounds, and has been widely used in aquaculture. However, ABM is toxic to aquatic animals, and can pose a risk to the aquatic environment especially when used irrationally in aquaculture. In this article, the research progress of toxicity effects of ABM to aquatic animals was reviewed, including the toxicity, the metabolic enrichment, the detection techniques and the maximum residue limit (MRL), etc. On this basis, it suggested that the toxic mechanism of abamectin to aquatic aninmals should be further investigated, and the effects of its metabolites combining with abamectin fate in environment should be paid more attention in further. It was expected to provide references for reasonable utilization of ABM in aquaculture and developing further related researches in future.