河豚毒素快速检测技术在养殖河豚鱼 监管中的应用

Application of tetrodotoxin rapid detection techniques in supervision on puffer fish farming

中文关键词:  河豚毒素  快速检测  养殖河豚鱼  监管

英文关键词:tetrodotoxin  rapid detection  breeding puffer fish  supervision

中文摘要:

      河豚毒素(tetrodotoxin, TTX)是一种分子量约为319的含氮生物碱, 具有极高的毒性, 食用河豚毒素含量高的河豚鱼易发生中毒事件。TTX含量的多少因河豚鱼的种类、部位及季节等而有差异, TTX主要集中于河豚的卵巢和肝脏, 且在卵巢孕育阶段毒性最强, 河豚鱼肉(皮)、精囊无毒。日、韩等国对河豚鱼消费实行科学分类管理, 严格区分了“可食用”和“不可食用”的河豚鱼品种、部位等。我国对河豚鱼一直实行“禁食”管理; 然而, 我国河豚鱼产业却处于“禁食而不禁养”状况, 且在国内已形成了较大的“灰色”消费市场。本文梳理了近年来TTX的快速检测技术发展现状, 并对快速检测技术在养殖河豚鱼监管中的应用发展前景进行探讨, 以期为从事食品安全监管及快速检测技术研究工作的人员提供参考。

英文摘要:

      Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a kind of nitrogen alkaloid with molecular weight about 319, which has very high toxicity. Thus, food poisoning will be occurred by consumption puffer fish with highly TTX content. TTX content of puffer fish is different due to the species, location and season, and it primarily focuses on fugu ovary and liver. The strongest toxicity is in ovarian stages, but the flesh (skin) and seminal vesicle of puffer fish are non-toxic. Countries such as Japan and South Korea have carried out scientific classification management on puffer fish consumption, strictly distinguished “edible” and “not edible” puffer fish species, parts, etc. “Fast” management of the puffer fish has been put into practice in China; however, the puffer fish farming is very large, and has formed a larger “gray” consumer market in China. In view of this, this article reviewed the development of TTX rapid detection techniques in recent years, and discussed the application of TTX rapid detection technology in the monitoring and management of breeding puffer fish, so as to provide a reference for food safety regulators and rapid detection researches.